Opção de cópia binária zero

BJSON

Definição.

O JSON textual é extremamente fácil de usar para desenvolvedores, no entanto a forma textual tem algumas desvantagens para ambientes de produção.

- é mais compacto que o JSON, pode ser mais curto em representação de byte,

- é fácil de analisar

- é fácil de ser implementado na maioria dos ambientes atuais,

- é fácil de ser implementado parcialmente quando necessário (para uso específico),

- pode ser facilmente percorrida sem analisar todos os dados (por exemplo, ignorando algumas entradas),

- suporta todos os formatos de dados comuns nativelly - primitivo e estruturado,

- suporta todos os recursos do JSON sem dados adicionais e codificação necessária,

- suporta o endereçamento de dados em forma de caminho,

- pode ser facilmente transcodificado para o JSON textual para frente e para trás (somente se não estendido),

- pode ser facilmente incorporado em transportes comuns: arquivos, bancos de dados, fluxos mpeg, etc.

- é fácil de se estender no contexto específico ou até mesmo no nível privado,

Não reinvente a roda.

- BSON na bsonspec - todos os seus prós e contras,

- ASN.1 (BER, DER, etc.) e toda a notação sintática abstrata Um trabalho relacionado,

- Buffers de protocolo do Google,

- Thrift do Apache, especialmente seus protocolos (TBinaryProtocol, TCompactProtocol, etc.),

- OGDL e sua representação binária,

O formato.

Os campos de tamanho contêm o número de bytes.

valores primitivos:

1 - zero numérico ou booleano falso.

2 - string vazia.

3 - boolean true (também pode ser um numérico)

O & quot; zero numérico & quot; e & quot; boolean false & quot; são a mesma coisa em muitas linguagens (como C).

O & quot; um numérico & quot; e & quot; boolean true & quot; são a mesma coisa em muitas linguagens (como C).

- o processo de codificação: se for possível, use "primitivas restritas" (tipos de dados de 24.27), mas deve-se notar que em algumas linguagens / construções não é uma opção,

- o processo de decodificação: se a linguagem ou a implementação não se importar, então não se preocupe. Mas se a decisão tiver que ser feita, então o inteiro é preferido em vez do booleano.

positive_integer:

negative_integer:

13, 64bit float (double) - obsoleto, foi 32bit float na versão 0.4, mas agora é ilegal.

15, flutuante de 64 bits (duplo)

utf8_string:

a seqüência de caracteres não deve ter código de terminação nula.

string não pode ter nenhum caractere "zero" bytes para evitar terminação nula terminando a cadeia antes de seu comprimento real - é realmente importante para a facilidade de implementações C de baixo nível em dispositivos embarcados.

17, tamanho [uint16], utf8_data [size * byte] - uma string de até 64k bytes.

18, tamanho [uint32], utf8_data [tamanho * byte] - uma string longa, 64K a 4GB.

19, tamanho [uint64], utf8_data [size * byte] - uma string muito longa, que provavelmente não será usada por enquanto.

Isso não é totalmente JSON transcodável, já que o JSON não possui suporte nativo para dados binários.

21, tamanho [uint16], binary_data [size * byte]

22, tamanho [uint32], binary_data [size * byte]

23, tamanho [uint64], binary_data [size * byte]

primitivos estritos:

25 - booleano verdadeiro.

26 - inteiro zero.

27 - inteiro um.

Primitivas estritas devem ser:

- usado, quando a implementação (linguagem) o suporta,

- sempre implementado pelo decodificador (mesmo que a decodificação perca o tipo),

- implementado pelo codificador, se possível,

33, tamanho [uint16], item0, item1, item2,.

34, tamanho [uint32], item0, item1, item2,.

35, tamanho [uint64], item0, item1, item2,.

mapa da chave - & gt; valor:

No entanto, a implementação pode ignorar isso (usar qualquer outro tipo como chaves, mesmo tipos de mistura) se a compatibilidade com JSON não for um requisito.

37, tamanho [uint16], chave0, valor0, chave1, valor1,.

38, tamanho [uint32], chave0, valor0, chave1, valor1,.

39, tamanho [uint64], chave0, valor0, chave1, valor1,.

Codificação e decodificação.

Evite ambigüidade - compacte os dados.

alguns valores podem ser codificados com diferentes representações binárias. Por exemplo, o valor 2 pode ser codificado como [8, 2] ou [9, 2, 0].

- o codificador deve selecionar a melhor (menor) forma de codificação.

Exemplo # 1: o inteiro 2, deve ser codificado como [8, 2] - a forma mais curta possível, mas [9, 2, 0] é possível em implementações não perfeitas.

Exemplo # 2: o inteiro 0, DEVE ser codificado como [26] (inteiro zero) ou [1] (zero numérico), mas [8, 0] (zero positivo) ou [9, 0] (zero negativo) são possível em implementações não perfeitas.

- o decodificador DEVE suportar ambiguidades, pela confiabilidade da implementação,

Negociação de opções binárias no Reino Unido.

Tudo o que você precisa para negociar com sucesso as opções binárias.

Pesquisa. Encontre um corretor. Comércio.

Para investidores britânicos, a negociação com opções binárias é uma forma de investimento isenta de impostos, com resultados muito rápidos & # 8211; minutos em vez de meses ou anos. A palavra binário é usada porque há apenas dois resultados possíveis & # 8211; ou o comércio é bem-sucedido e o investidor obtém um retorno significativo (geralmente entre 75% a 95%) - ou o comércio não é bem-sucedido e o valor total do investimento é perdido.

Portanto, "binários" (ou "opções digitais") são uma forma de investimento de alto risco, mas esse risco é compensado pelo potencial de recompensas muito altas com tempo de espera mínimo. A maioria dos corretores é regulamentada, oferecendo aos consumidores o tipo de proteção que eles esperariam ao usar instrumentos financeiros desse tipo. Os retornos da negociação binária também são vistos atualmente como isentos de impostos pelo HMRC.

Melhores corretores no Reino Unido 2017.

O que são opções binárias?

As opções binárias são derivadas, negociadas em qualquer ativo ou mercado. Por exemplo, um preço de ações (Twitter, AstraZeneca etc), índices (FTSE, DAX, Nikkei), valor de commodities (ouro, petróleo bruto) ou taxa de câmbio (EUR / USD, GBP / USD). Mesmo criptomoedas como Bitcoin ou Ethereum podem ser negociadas.

A principal diferença entre as negociações de corretoras mais tradicionais e os binários é a identificação clara de risco e recompensa antes que o negócio seja feito. Um investidor sabe exatamente quanto está em risco e, crucialmente, também conhece o valor exato de qualquer retorno potencial. Nenhuma calculadora, fórmula ou grau de matemática é necessário para calcular o lucro e a perda em uma opção binária.

Esta estrutura dos negócios é o que levou à terminologia de & # 8220; tudo ou nada & # 8221; ou & # 8220; dinheiro ou nada & # 8221; sendo amplamente utilizado.

A única decisão para um comerciante é se o valor do ativo subjacente subir ou cair. O grau da mudança de preço não é importante. O trader está especulando apenas se o preço será maior ou menor do que o preço atual, em um momento específico no futuro.

O movimento dos preços a curto prazo pode ser desencadeado por notícias ou manchetes, estatísticas trimestrais, rumores de aquisições ou até medos de segurança global.

Negociar opções binárias oferece uma proposta Sim / Não. Embora existam variações na opção Alta / Baixa, esse tipo de investimento sempre terá um resultado binário em preto e branco, Sim / Não. Onde as transações podem ser fechadas, resgatadas ou vendidas em mid-trade, os pagamentos têm números absolutos de 0 e 100 e os preços se movem entre as ordens do mercado, como & # 8211; até o fechamento.

Tempos de Expiração.

Cada opção binária é oferecida com um tempo de expiração. Este é o ponto em que o comércio terminará. Assim, o preço no vencimento é aquele que decidirá se uma opção ganhou ou perdeu (& # 8220; no dinheiro & # 8221; ou & # 8220; fora do dinheiro & # 8221; no jargão binário). Esses tempos de expiração podem variar de apenas 30 segundos ou 1 minuto (conhecidos como "turbos") a um dia inteiro ("fim do dia"), até mesmo em algumas circunstâncias. # 8211; rolando para um ano inteiro.

Geralmente, no entanto, uma opção binária é usada para negociação de curto prazo - geralmente em 30 minutos. Expiração de longo prazo & # 8211; e o elemento de risco fixo & # 8211; torna-os ferramentas úteis para cobertura ou diversificação de outras participações.

Os pagamentos mudam dependendo do ativo e do prazo de expiração. As diferenças podem ser significativas, de modo que os traders que procuram usar opções binárias a longo prazo precisam comprar o melhor pagamento para a classe de ativos (ou classes) que pretendem negociar.

Vídeo tutorial & # 8211; Negociação Binária Explicada.

Assista a este tutorial em vídeo da plataforma IQ Options, que mostra como colocar um comércio binário:

Investimento Legítimo.

Embora o comércio binário esteja em um período de crescimento, ele continua sendo um produto relativamente desconhecido. Com o tempo, isso provavelmente mudará. Como as opções digitais (como também são conhecidas) oferecem um arranjo fiscal muito simples. Eles são uma maneira legítima de jogar nos mercados financeiros.

Os binários oferecem uma opção de negociação clara, mas também são de alto risco / alta recompensa. No entanto, não há exposição alavancada com um comércio binário, portanto, a relação risco e recompensa também é simples de gerenciar.

As opções binárias são seguras?

As opções binárias sofrem de má reputação. Isso é basicamente o resultado de marketing e crimes cibernéticos desonestos e irresponsáveis, mais do que um problema com o produto em si. Com uma regulamentação mais rigorosa e uma melhor compreensão por parte do público em geral, essas opções podem "# 8211"; e vai & # 8211; passar para o mainstream financeiro. Que foi onde eles originalmente se desenvolveram.

Embora os agentes e empresas reguladas pela FCA ainda possam ter suas falhas e defeitos, eles não são fraudadores. Os e-mails enfurecidos que recebemos concentram-se inteiramente em corretores não-regulamentados, prometendo dinheiro fácil & # 8221 ;, ou uma rota para "ficar rico rápido & # 8221 ;. Leia a nossa seção sobre como evitar os corretores de fraudes abaixo.

Vantagens da negociação binária.

Muitas das vantagens de usar binários estão relacionadas ou vinculadas. Aqui listamos alguns dos benefícios de usar essa forma de investimento - não apenas para o investidor de varejo, mas também para os criadores de mercado ou corretores:

Gerenciamento de riscos.

Gerenciamento de risco ao negociar opções binárias é claro. O valor do negócio é o valor total que está em risco. Isso esclarece o risco não apenas do negociante, mas também do corretor. Seu modelo de precificação reflete o conhecimento exato de sua responsabilidade.

Taxas de Negociação e Spreads.

A certeza do risco fornece uma base sólida para os corretores trabalharem e administrarem. Isso leva a uma baixa taxa de negociação, spreads mais estreitos e pagamentos mais altos. Para se protegerem mais, podem usar um provedor de liquidez ou proteger suas próprias posições. Os dispendiosos custos de corretagem das câmaras de compensação tornam-se desnecessários.

Alavancagem, ou alavancagem, geralmente não está disponível com negociação binária. Isso beneficia o corretor novamente, pois significa que todos os negócios devem ser financiados integralmente. Em outras palavras, nenhum trader pode inadimplir em uma negociação. Com a alavancagem, se as coisas derem errado, há um risco real de o corretor não ser pago. Esta é uma grande diferença vs spot forex ou spread betting.

Escolha do Trader.

Camadas de complexidade podem ser adicionadas à opção de pagamento fixo padrão. De uma opção de escada, a trocas de fronteiras ou mais avançadas & # 8216; aninhamento & # 8217; de opções para criar o & # 8216; strangles & # 8217; etc - binários podem ser usados ​​em uma enorme variedade de maneiras.

Um comércio binário oferece o maior nível de flexibilidade. Eles ainda fornecem um mecanismo para especular sobre um mercado que permanece estável, arbitragem ou para ter uma visão sobre o volume de comércio do ativo subjacente.

Robôs e Auto Trading.

Os robôs de negociação automática (& # 8216; bots & # 8217;) geralmente dependem de sinais e algoritmos acionados por gráficos de preços. Novamente, esses robôs atraem muitos dos operadores indesejáveis ​​e a natureza automática dos negócios aumenta ainda mais o risco. Novos comerciantes devem ser especialmente cuidadosos. Uma grande quantidade de diligência devida & # 8217; é necessário ao tentar encontrar o serviço correto do robô.

Uma abordagem alternativa é para os comerciantes construírem seus próprios robôs usando seus próprios pontos de entrada. Um número crescente de corretores oferece agora aos traders a capacidade de montar seu próprio robô de negociação ou programa, usando ferramentas simples. Esses hacks permitem combinações de configurações de análise técnica, como médias móveis, bandas de Bollinger ou padrões RSI / MFI, que abrem operações quando esses critérios são atendidos. Ele fez opções binárias & # 8216; pro & # 8217; robôs disponíveis para todos.

Principais robôs.

A negociação binária em si é "legítima", e não uma farsa. No entanto, existem corretores e provedores de sinal que são indignos de confiança e operam fraudes ou fraudes.

É importante não descartar o conceito de negociação binária, puramente baseado em corretores desonestos. Esses fraudadores continuam a reduzir a imagem dessa forma de negociação. Reguladores e legisladores estão lentamente começando a se familiarizar com essas operações e a indústria está sendo limpa. Se você quiser reclamar de um operador para o nosso cão de guarda, por favor nos avise através da nossa página Fale Conosco.

Evite golpes com essas verificações simples.

"Ganhar dinheiro online" ou "Get rich quick" marketing. Esta é uma enorme bandeira vermelha. As opções binárias são um veículo de investimento de alto risco / alto retorno - elas não são um esquema rápido rico e não devem ser vendidas como tal. A & # 8220; sem perda & # 8221; sistema não existe. Os operadores que fazem tais alegações estão sendo desonestos. Um milionário de opções binárias é quase certamente falso. O Brit Method é um exemplo de alto perfil & # 8211; desviar. Chamadas Frias. Corretores respeitáveis ​​raramente farão chamadas frias - eles não precisam. Chamadas frias são de corretores não confiáveis. Isso pode incluir um contato de email. Termos e condições de bônus. Se você receber um bônus, leia os termos e condições. Alguns termos incluem vincular qualquer depósito ou capital inicial até que as exigências de volume de negócios sejam atendidas. O depósito ainda é o dinheiro do trader - corretores honestos não reivindicarão antes de qualquer negociação ter sido feita. Os melhores corretores também oferecerão a opção de cancelar um bônus se ele não se adequar ao trader. A CySec, a principal reguladora, recentemente proibiu o uso de bônus de equivalência de depósito, pois acredita que isso acarreta em excesso de negociação dos clientes. Gerentes de conta . Tenha muito cuidado com qualquer gerente de contas, dicas ou gurus & # 8217; desejando negociar em nome de clientes. Existe um conflito de interesses óbvio & # 8211; eles têm empregos com o corretor. Essas contas gerenciadas geralmente incentivam os comerciantes a negociar com valores muito além de suas possibilidades. Este & ns; upselling & # 8221; é muito prejudicial. O sistema de Martingale, extremamente arriscado, é uma tática frequente e resulta em muitos balanços rapidamente inflados. Endosso de celebridades. Lendas esportivas ou patrocínio de equipe geralmente são boas & # 8211; e verificável. Onde este apoio deve preocupar os investidores novatos, é onde o nome de um megamônio rico ou fonte credível é "empurrada". como um ponto de venda. Warren Buffet, Richard Branson e Martin Lewis foram apresentados como apoiando certas proposições quando eles realmente têm um envolvimento zero & # 8211; além de processar os perpetradores por danos através de uma ação judicial. Um comerciante deve conhecer seu corretor. Parece óbvio - mas alguns operadores - funil & # 8217; clientes para um corretor de sua escolha, não o seu. Se o comerciante exigir que novos clientes se inscrevam em um corretor específico ou selecionem o corretor em uma lista limitada, não prossiga. Um trader deve conhecer o corretor com quem vai negociar!

Estar ciente dos métodos acima deve ajudar aqueles que são iniciantes em negociações binárias para evitar as marcas menos responsáveis. Melhor regulamentação e mais conscientização devem reduzir esse tipo de reclamação. Isso, por sua vez, pode permitir que os binários avancem.

Já vítima caída? Os serviços do MyChargeBack podem ajudar.

Estratégia de Negociação.

Nossas páginas de estratégia abrangem mais de 20 sistemas conhecidos, provenientes de diversos fóruns e chats de clubes, além de dicas e conselhos de especialistas. De alto risco Martingale, para intrincados sistemas como o arco-íris. Também cobrimos mais assuntos especializados, como forex, análise técnica, os melhores indicadores de ação de preço, sinais de negociação e estratégia vencedora. Tudo isso visa ajudar você a ganhar vantagem e vencer.

Os sinais são um alerta, enviados aos comerciantes. Eles são projetados como uma ferramenta de negociação, ajudando os comerciantes a identificar oportunidades. Eles podem ser comunicados através de uma variedade de métodos & # 8211; email, SMS ou de um site ou grupo de sinal ao vivo. Grande parte do marketing irresponsável associado a golpes binários está ligado a sinais & # 8211; ou robôs de negociação automática utilizando-os. Existem alguns bons provedores por aí também. No entanto, em geral, aprender a negociar binários é uma rota mais segura do que usar sinais para compensar a falta de conhecimento de negociação.

Os sinais funcionam?

Às vezes, mas raramente em isolamento. Alguns provedores oferecem uma combinação de educação ao lado de sinais e isso representa uma boa combinação. Os comerciantes devem poder avaliar completamente um sinal antes que possam julgar a qualidade deles. Também destacamos alguns dos melhores provedores na página de sinais.

Corretores e comentários.

Uma opção binária pode ser usada de várias maneiras e em uma grande variedade de commodities e mercados. Isso significa encontrar o melhor revendedor, a melhor conta ou a melhor plataforma de negociação, realmente depende das necessidades do investidor individual.

Por exemplo, alguns corretores podem se concentrar em forex (câmbio) e negociar o iene, euro ou libra esterlina. Outros podem ser fortes em commodities e apenas oferecer um punhado de mercados de câmbio. Da mesma forma, os retornos (ou pagamentos) podem diferir entre as classes de ativos, e com estes variando em até 25%, é fácil ver a importância de fazer a seleção correta.

Métodos de Pagamento.

Prestadores de plataformas de marca branca, como SpotOption, Tradologic ou TechFinancials também ditam quais produtos o site host pode oferecer, portanto, um corretor proprietário com um design personalizado pode ser preferível. Métodos de pagamento merecem algum pensamento & # 8211; Se os traders quiserem usar Skrill, Paypal, Neteller ou transferência bancária, eles precisam verificar se o corretor entrega isso.

Aplicativos de negociação.

Aplicativos de negociação móveis entregues por corretores ou agentes binários podem variar em qualidade também. Alguns programas especificamente para os recursos de modelos específicos, como iPad ou iPhone. Outros garantem compatibilidade entre plataformas, fornecendo tablets e dispositivos Android, blackberry e windows. Alguns traders podem ter demandas sob medida para qualquer aplicativo de mão, outros menos.

Os limites de tamanho comercial podem apontar alguns investidores para ou fora de certas contas de negociação. Alguns corretores oferecem operações mínimas de apenas £ 1, enquanto outros atendem investidores dispostos a investir £ 200.000 em um único negócio. Assim, todo investidor precisa considerar seu próprio estilo de negociação antes de decidir abrir uma conta. Mesmo trabalhando fora do & # 8216; mais barato & # 8217; corretor não é tão fácil quanto parece.

Como comparar as melhores plataformas de negociação.

Nossa tabela de comparação fornece um resumo rápido dos principais pontos ao comparar os corretores. Nossas revisões detalhadas permitem que novos usuários em potencial avaliem alguns dos pontos mais delicados que podem confirmar sua decisão. Aqui está uma lista de alguns dos pontos de comparação vitais para corretores;

Pagamentos Sobre o balcão ou opções negociadas em bolsa Depósito mínimo (métodos de depósito e saque adicionais) Comércio mínimo / Máximo comércio Plataforma de negociação Feeds de eventos de notícias Listas de ativos (listas estendidas podem incluir ETFs, títulos e trusts) Ferramentas Gráficos / Gráficos (tipos de gráfico, ferramentas de previsão) ) Prazos de validade disponíveis Regulamento (FCA, CySec, CFTC etc) Faixa de opções disponíveis (Limite, Escada, Alto Rendimento etc) Boas Vindas Reclamações / Feedback do Cliente Tipos de Conta e Benefícios (VIP, Básico, Platina) Plugins e Integração. (Por exemplo, MT4 / MetaTrader4 / MetaTrader 5) Promoções, Competições, Líderes ou Prêmios do Concurso.

Alguns pontos podem ser mais importantes para certos comerciantes do que outros. Então, encontrar o “melhor” será uma escolha individual para cada novo cliente. Um especulador que toma uma posição sobre a política monetária do Banco da Inglaterra ou do BCE pode ser melhor atendido por um corretor, enquanto a pessoa que deseja apostar no crescimento do preço das ações da Apple, Facebook ou Vodafone pode querer outro.

Contas Demo.

A maioria dos principais corretores oferece contas de negociação de demonstração. Estes permitem que novos clientes experimentem os serviços oferecidos. Eles podem ver se o intervalo de mercados e escalas de investimento os adequa e somente prosseguir para uma conta financiada quando eles estão felizes que a conta de negociação correta foi encontrada.

Os corretores que fornecem saldos virtuais ou de prática confiam em sua plataforma de negociação. Eles estão preparados para permitir que novos operadores o vejam e experimentem sem riscos. A análise de cada corretor incluirá se ela oferece uma demonstração nos detalhes da chave & # 8220; & # 8221; seção.

3 principais contas de demonstração

Site de avaliação e aplicativos.

A maioria dessas contas de demonstração funcionará no site e também no aplicativo para dispositivos móveis. Ambos os sistemas podem ser verificados antes de fazer um depósito. As melhores contas demo não são restritas no tempo e permitem que os operadores de mercado efetuem o & # 8216; recarga & # 8217; o saldo, se necessário. Esse tipo de conta permite que o usuário não apenas teste o corretor, mas também use a conta de demonstração para tentar uma nova estratégia de negociação, ou até mesmo testar uma estratégia com base em dados financeiros passados. Tudo sem arriscar seu próprio dinheiro ou riqueza.

Nossas resenhas de corretores são escritas após negociação genuína em cada plataforma, marca ou etiqueta branca. Eles incluem todos os aspectos de cada provedor & # 8211; bom ou mal.

A credibilidade das avaliações é importante para nós. Assim, eles são verificados e atualizados regularmente e o feedback que recebemos faz parte da classificação geral. Para que o comércio binário se mova para o mainstream financeiro, os serviços de comparação precisam ser abertos, honestos e transparentes & # 8211; e é isso que tentamos entregar em nossas avaliações de corretores.

Regulamento.

Corretores binários são regulados através de vários corpos. CySec regulam a maioria dos corretores baseados em Chipre e Israel. Os operadores com equipamento no Reino Unido precisarão de uma licença da Gambling Commission do Reino Unido (o conceito foi originalmente classificado como uma aposta nos mercados financeiros - uma visão que está mudando agora). Regulamentação europeia, no entanto, permite que os provedores atendam aos clientes britânicos. A legislação da MiFID II permite que este "passaporte & passaporte" & # 8217; de poderes regulamentares.

No Reino Unido, no entanto, uma camada mais forte de proteção ao consumidor está disponível se um corretor for regulado pela Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). Algumas empresas também se registram na FCA & # 8211; mas isso não é o mesmo que regulação. Esta é uma distinção importante.

Nos EUA, o CFTC apenas licenciou dois corretores para operarem lá. Nadex e CBOE. Na Austrália, a ASIC (Comissão Australiana de Valores Mobiliários e Investimentos) supervisiona corretoras. Algumas empresas também são reguladas pela Malta Gaming Authority ou pelo Isle of Man GSC.

Benefícios do uso de um corretor regulamentado.

Corretores regulados oferecem maiores níveis de confiança do consumidor do que empresas não regulamentadas. Eles são obrigados a reter fundos de trader em contas separadas, e não em contas de empresas. Eles devem fornecer um processo de disputa para os clientes e tratar os clientes de forma justa e justa. Além disso, as empresas reguladas só podem comercializar de forma responsável e em regiões onde o comércio é permitido. Corretores responsáveis ​​aceitam a regulamentação como forma de aumentar os níveis de confiança do consumidor.

Copie Negociação.

Copiar negociação é um setor crescente de investimento. Permite aos usuários copiar os negócios dos outros. Aqueles que copiam decidem quanto investir e se devem copiar alguns ou todos os negócios que um trader ou um tipster específico abre.

Os operadores que estão sendo copiados também se beneficiam, pois o corretor recompensará esses clientes com frequência por meio de comissão, ou aumentará a receita e os lucros com base no volume de comércio gerado por eles. EToro são pioneiros oficiais desta forma de investimento.

Copiar negociação (ou "negociação social") é uma função útil para aquelas pessoas sem tempo ou conhecimento para negociarem a si mesmas. No entanto, ao copiar, o tempo e o esforço gastos para encontrar os operadores certos a seguir pagarão dividendos. Negociação social é semelhante, mas é mais voltada para o compartilhamento de informações de estilo de mídia social.

Um breve histórico: o conceito de uma opção binária, ou "digital", já existe há muitos anos. Eles estavam inicialmente disponíveis apenas para investidores de grande escala - instituições, indivíduos e fundos ricos. As opções foram fornecidas & # 8216; sobre o balcão & # 8217 ;. Em 2008, no entanto, a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários dos EUA permitiu que essas opções de retorno fixo fossem negociadas em uma troca.

Isso permitiu que a Bolsa de Opções do Conselho de Chicago (CBOE) e a Bolsa de Valores dos EUA oferecessem negociações binárias sobre certos ativos subjacentes. Inicialmente, a gama de ativos era limitada, assim como a escolha de opções. A Nadex também começou a oferecer opções negociadas em bolsa (compradores e vendedores correspondentes) nos EUA à medida que o mercado se desenvolvia.

Demanda por negócios digitais cresce.

Como a popularidade e o comércio cresceram, os ativos negociados foram além do Forex e as ações e os tipos de opções também se expandiram. A rápida evolução dos softwares e a globalização do comércio levaram a um boom nesses termos "digitais". opções - e a tendência de expansão continua.

As barreiras à entrada de potenciais criadores de mercado ou corretores são muito menores no setor binário. Isso, juntamente com o boom do comércio pela internet durante um período similar, deixou a regulamentação atrasada em relação à indústria.

O crescimento de binários, no entanto, é improvável que diminua. A simplicidade, aliada à clareza do risco, permite que quase qualquer pessoa tenha uma visão de um ativo em particular, mas administre seu risco com muito mais facilidade do que com contratos por diferença ou compras de ações.

A fim de aprender opções binárias, os traders têm uma riqueza de oportunidades de aprendizado e cursos. Cada comerciante é diferente, os resultados irão alterar a partir de diferentes métodos de aprendizagem. Alguns podem preferir um arquivo pdf ou uma planilha sobre o assunto, enquanto outros aprenderão mais sobre como mergulhar e ter alguma experiência prática. Aqui está uma seleção sobre métodos de aprendizagem:

Aprenda Binary Trading Via Tutorials.

Os corretores estão dispostos a dar aos investidores a confiança para começar a negociar - e muitos oferecem alguns ou todos os itens acima para potenciais novos clientes para aprender sobre opções binárias, geralmente de graça. Algumas ferramentas só são disponibilizadas depois que um comerciante se registra - isso é puramente para o corretor ter alguns detalhes de contato para coisas como seminários de negociação ou demonstrações baseadas na web.

Seminários e Demonstrações.

Uma ótima maneira de aprender opções binárias é através de uma demonstração on-line ou seminário. Alguns corretores oferecem seminários semanais, alguns em vários idiomas. Estes oferecem "percorrer" o & # 8217; demonstrações de estilo que podem ser realmente úteis.

Outras empresas oferecerão treinamento individual, mas geralmente exigem um depósito antecipadamente. Este treinamento seguirá um básico & # 8220; Como & # 8221; formato, mas pode passar rapidamente para assuntos mais avançados, conforme necessário.

Alguns traders se beneficiam do download de um tutorial de eBook e aprendem sobre opções binárias em seu próprio ritmo. Em seus centros de educação, os corretores muitas vezes entregam um ótimo & # 8216; manual & # 8217; para os comerciantes que querem aprender o básico. Uma nota de cautela, é que cada corretor irá se concentrar em sua própria plataforma de negociação e citações de algumas das explicações e capturas de tela.

Corretores querem novos operadores para usar seus serviços. A boa notícia é que, embora a aparência e a sensação de algumas plataformas de negociação sejam diferentes, as funções subjacentes são as mesmas - assim, o conhecimento é transferível facilmente.

Alguns livros independentes foram escritos, incluindo o popular "for dummies". Series. Nós listamos o melhor aqui.

Tutoriais em vídeo são o método de aprendizado mais popular. Alguns corretores fazem mais esforço do que outros, e os espectadores também podem ser apresentados com o mesmo vídeo em corretores diferentes - apenas a narração mudou! No entanto, existem alguns bons conjuntos de vídeos disponíveis e eles podem ser visualizados sem registro. Incorporamos um vídeo da IQ Option, que introduz a plataforma de negociação e o comércio binário online. Eles oferecem uma gama completa de vídeos em seu site.

Base de conhecimento & amp; PERGUNTAS FREQUENTES.

A maioria dos corretores fornecerá uma área de educação ou "base de conhecimento", mas a qualidade varia. As empresas atualizam constantemente seu portfólio de treinamento, portanto, não há vencedor claro nessa categoria.

Os corretores querem encorajar o comércio, então eles tornam muito fácil para os traders aprenderem o básico. Informações mais avançadas são mais difíceis de obter de corretores & # 8211; mas esperamos que as páginas de estratégia e análise técnica deste website ajudem.

Abaixo estão algumas das questões e tópicos sobre os quais somos perguntados sobre o comércio de binário online. Esperemos que esses breves parágrafos possam fornecer uma resposta - mas se não, há um número de links para artigos mais detalhados que explicam cada área de assunto.

Tipos de comércio binário.

O tipo mais comum de opção binária é o simples up / down ou high / low type. Esta é a previsão de em que direção o preço se move. No momento em que a opção expira, o preço subirá ou diminuirá? Também conhecido como opções clássicas ou padrão. Uma ligeira variação para o up / down trade é a opção acima / abaixo. Segue exatamente os mesmos princípios, mas o preço alvo é um nível pré-definido, não o preço atual. Toda a mesma lógica se aplica ao aumento ou queda do preço com base nesse valor e onde ele estará no vencimento - mas o ponto de partida está em algum lugar acima ou abaixo do mercado real naquele momento. Touch / No Touch é um cenário um pouco mais complicado. Aqui, um valor ou preço é definido (às vezes pelo próprio investidor, se o seu corretor oferecer um recurso como o “#### Optical builder & # 8217;). Se o preço do mundo real tocar ou passar por essa barreira, então o & # 8216; toque & # 8217; opção pagaria. Se o preço nunca atingir o preço de barreira, então, & # 8216; & rsa; & # 8217; pagaria e qualquer & # 8216; toque & # 8217; as apostas perderiam. Também chamado de & # 8216; Um toque & # 8217; Em ocasião. Em / Out, & # 8216; Gama & # 8217; ou & # 8216; Limite & # 8217; negociações exigem duas barreiras a serem estabelecidas. Um é mais alto e o outro mais baixo. A opção binária é, então, se o preço permanece & # 8216; em & # 8217; (ou entre) esses dois limites. O & # 8216; fora & # 8217; opção seria acionada e, portanto, o pagamento, se o preço termina fora de qualquer um ou as barreiras estabelecidas. Opções de escada. Estes funcionam da mesma maneira que um & # 8216; acima / abaixo & # 8217; opção, mas os pagamentos variam com base em quão longe o preço alvo é do valor atual. Há uma variedade de níveis e pagamentos diferentes para cada um. Estes são os & # 8220; degraus & # 8221; da escada. Os pagamentos em opções de ladder podem chegar a 1.000% se o movimento de preço necessário for grande o suficiente. Os pares são um tipo de transação em que dois ativos relacionados são comparados entre si (por exemplo, Ouro e Prata) e os comerciantes avaliam qual ativo aumenta ou diminui mais.

Coloque opções e opções de chamada.

As opções de compra e venda são simplesmente os termos dados para comprar ou vender uma opção. Se um trader acreditar que um ativo aumentará de valor, ele abrirá uma chamada. Se eles esperam que o valor caia, eles colocam um put trade.

Alguns corretores de negociação binários trocam seus botões de negociação a cada dois segundos, de Call e Put, para Down e Up, para evitar confusão. Outros dispensam os termos put e call inteiramente, usando flechas. Os ícones são sempre claros, por isso os erros não são cometidos.

Como colocar um comércio binário.

Passos para abrir um comércio binário;

Identificar o ativo subjacente para negociar, e. o preço do ouro, o preço das ações do Facebook ou a taxa de câmbio GBP / USD Definir o tempo de expiração (O tempo que a opção termina) e decidir sobre o tamanho do comércio ou investimento Decida se o valor vai aumentar ou diminuir ( Ligue ou coloque)

Quanto pode ser ganho?

Geralmente, as opções binárias pagam dentro de um intervalo de 75% a 95%. Essa porcentagem é esclarecida antes da negociação ser feita. Além de ser maior ou menor que o preço inicial, o preço de fechamento não afeta a magnitude do pagamento.

À medida que o comércio binário se torna mais sofisticado, o montante que pode ser ganho também está evoluindo. Alguns corretores agora oferecem negócios que dependem do tamanho de qualquer movimento de preço. Existem também tipos de negociação (cobertos abaixo), onde os pagamentos podem chegar a 400%, 500% ou até mesmo 1000%.

As opções binárias são apostas?

Depende inteiramente da atitude do comerciante. Se um trader não aplicar nenhuma estratégia ou pesquisa, então qualquer investimento provavelmente dependerá de boa sorte, e as probabilidades são contra eles. Por outro lado, um comerciante que faz um bom negócio pode garantir que eles fizeram tudo o que podiam para evitar confiar na sorte.

Opções binárias são Halal?

Interesse, ou & # 8220; riba & # 8221; é proibido sob a lei Sharia. As opções binárias, mesmo aquelas consideradas de longo prazo, não incorrem em taxas durante a noite ou taxas de rolagem. Muitos corretores desenvolveram contas de negociação islâmicas que aderem à orientação muçulmana (oferecendo execução imediata de negociações e não cobrando juros). Mas os investidores precisam agir com cuidado antes de decidir se negociar opções binárias é legal, halal ou haram. A resposta pode não estar clara. Um trader pode usar binários sem planejamento ou estratégia & # 8211; efetivamente apostar ou usá-los para jogar. Isso seria banido para a maioria dos muçulmanos. Por essa razão, não podemos afirmar categoricamente se os binários de negociação são halal ou haram. Será para o indivíduo.

Guias de negociação de opções binárias:

Selecione um corretor Localize o ativo para negociar Defina o prazo de vencimento Defina o tamanho do negócio Clique em Comprar ou Vender Verificar e confirme o negócio.

O comércio binário foi colocado!

Quem são Binaryoptions. co. uk?

Em binaryoptions. co. uk, nós fornecemos um conjunto completo de serviços e informações para qualquer pessoa que queira se envolver em negociação de opções binárias. Desde material educacional e tutoriais até estratégia avançada, implicações fiscais e comparação de corretores.

As opções binárias oferecem uma forma de especulação de mercado. Fornecer um método de ganhar dinheiro com o movimento de preços na maioria das principais classes de ativos. É uma área crescente de negociação no Reino Unido, e essa é uma das razões pelas quais estamos com o objetivo de fornecer o guia definitivo para o comércio de binário no Reino Unido. Entre em contato aqui.

Documentação ffmpeg.

Índice.

1 sinopse.

2 Descrição.

O ffmpeg é um conversor de vídeo e áudio muito rápido que também pode capturar a partir de uma fonte de áudio / vídeo ao vivo. Ele também pode converter entre taxas de amostragem arbitrárias e redimensionar o vídeo instantaneamente com um filtro polifásico de alta qualidade.

O ffmpeg lê de um número arbitrário de arquivos de entrada & quot; (que podem ser arquivos regulares, pipes, fluxos de rede, dispositivos de captura, etc.), especificados pela opção - i, e grava em um número arbitrário de "arquivos" de saída, que são especificados por um URL de saída simples. Qualquer coisa encontrada na linha de comando que não possa ser interpretada como uma opção é considerada uma URL de saída.

Cada URL de entrada ou saída pode, em princípio, conter qualquer número de fluxos de diferentes tipos (vídeo / áudio / legenda / anexo / dados). O número permitido e / ou tipos de fluxos podem ser limitados pelo formato do contêiner. Selecionando quais fluxos a partir dos quais as entradas irão para qual saída será feita automaticamente ou com a opção - map (consulte o capítulo Seleção de Fluxo).

Para se referir a arquivos de entrada em opções, você deve usar seus índices (baseados em 0). Por exemplo. o primeiro arquivo de entrada é 0, o segundo é 1, etc. Da mesma forma, os fluxos dentro de um arquivo são referenciados por seus índices. Por exemplo. 2: 3 refere-se ao quarto fluxo no terceiro arquivo de entrada. Veja também o capítulo Especificadores de Fluxo.

Como regra geral, as opções são aplicadas ao próximo arquivo especificado. Portanto, a ordem é importante e você pode ter a mesma opção na linha de comando várias vezes. Cada ocorrência é então aplicada ao próximo arquivo de entrada ou saída. Exceções desta regra são as opções globais (por exemplo, nível de verbosidade), que devem ser especificadas primeiro.

Não misture arquivos de entrada e saída & ndash; primeiro especifique todos os arquivos de entrada, depois todos os arquivos de saída. Também não misture opções que pertencem a arquivos diferentes. Todas as opções se aplicam APENAS ao próximo arquivo de entrada ou saída e são redefinidas entre os arquivos.

Para definir a taxa de bits do vídeo do arquivo de saída para 64 kbit / s:

A opção de formato pode ser necessária para arquivos de entrada brutos.

3 Descrição detalhada.

O processo de transcodificação no ffmpeg para cada saída pode ser descrito pelo seguinte diagrama:

O ffmpeg chama a biblioteca libavformat (contendo demuxers) para ler arquivos de entrada e obter pacotes contendo dados codificados deles. Quando há vários arquivos de entrada, o ffmpeg tenta mantê-los sincronizados rastreando o menor timestamp em qualquer fluxo de entrada ativo.

Pacotes codificados são então passados ​​para o decodificador (a menos que a cópia seja selecionada para o fluxo, veja mais adiante para uma descrição). O decodificador produz quadros descompactados (vídeo bruto / áudio PCM /.) Que podem ser processados ​​posteriormente por filtragem (veja a próxima seção). Após a filtragem, os quadros são passados ​​para o codificador, que os codifica e envia pacotes codificados. Finalmente, esses são passados ​​para o muxer, que grava os pacotes codificados no arquivo de saída.

3.1 Filtragem.

Antes da codificação, o ffmpeg pode processar quadros brutos de áudio e vídeo usando filtros da biblioteca libavfilter. Vários filtros encadeados formam um gráfico de filtro. O ffmpeg distingue dois tipos de gráficos de filtro: simples e complexo.

3.1.1 Gráficos de filtragem simples.

Gráficos de filtro simples são aqueles que possuem exatamente uma entrada e saída, ambas do mesmo tipo. No diagrama acima, eles podem ser representados simplesmente inserindo uma etapa adicional entre a decodificação e a codificação:

Gráficos de filtro simples são configurados com a opção de filtro por fluxo (com alelos - vf e - af para vídeo e áudio, respectivamente). Um filtro simples para vídeo pode procurar exemplo como este:

Observe que alguns filtros alteram as propriedades do quadro, mas não o conteúdo do quadro. Por exemplo. o filtro fps no exemplo acima altera o número de quadros, mas não toca no conteúdo do quadro. Outro exemplo é o filtro setpts, que apenas define registros de data e hora e passa os quadros inalterados.

3.1.2 Gráficos de filtragem complexos.

Os filtros complexos são aqueles que não podem ser descritos simplesmente como uma cadeia de processamento linear aplicada a um fluxo. Esse é o caso, por exemplo, quando o gráfico tem mais de uma entrada e / ou saída, ou quando o tipo de fluxo de saída é diferente da entrada. Eles podem ser representados com o seguinte diagrama:

Gráficos de filtro complexos são configurados com a opção - filter_complex. Observe que essa opção é global, pois um filtro-gráfico complexo, por sua natureza, não pode ser associado de forma não ambígua a um único fluxo ou arquivo.

A opção - lavfi é equivalente a - filter_complex.

Um exemplo trivial de um filtro gráfico complexo é o filtro de sobreposição, que tem duas entradas de vídeo e uma saída de vídeo, contendo um vídeo sobreposto ao outro. Sua contrapartida de áudio é o filtro amix.

3.2 Cópia em fluxo.

A cópia de fluxo é um modo selecionado fornecendo o parâmetro de cópia para a opção - codec. Isso faz com que o ffmpeg omita a etapa de decodificação e codificação para o fluxo especificado, portanto, ele faz apenas demuxing e muxing. É útil para alterar o formato do contêiner ou modificar os metadados no nível do contêiner. O diagrama acima irá, neste caso, simplificar para isso:

Como não há decodificação ou codificação, é muito rápido e não há perda de qualidade. No entanto, pode não funcionar em alguns casos devido a muitos fatores. A aplicação de filtros também é obviamente impossível, já que os filtros funcionam em dados não compactados.

4 Seleção de fluxo.

Por padrão, o ffmpeg inclui apenas um fluxo de cada tipo (vídeo, áudio, legenda) presente nos arquivos de entrada e os adiciona a cada arquivo de saída. Escolhe o & quot; melhor & quot; de cada baseado nos seguintes critérios: para vídeo, é o fluxo com a resolução mais alta, para áudio, é o fluxo com a maioria dos canais, para subtítulos, é o primeiro fluxo de subtítulo. No caso em que vários fluxos do mesmo tipo são iguais, o fluxo com o menor índice é escolhido.

Você pode desabilitar alguns desses padrões usando as opções - vn / - an / - sn / - dn. Para controle manual completo, use a opção - map, que desativa os padrões que acabamos de descrever.

Todas as opções numéricas, se não especificadas de outra forma, aceitam uma string representando um número como entrada, que pode ser seguido por um dos prefixos unitários do SI, por exemplo: "K", "M" ou "G".

Se & rsquo; i & rsquo; é anexado ao prefixo da unidade SI, o prefixo completo será interpretado como um prefixo de unidade para múltiplos binários, que são baseados em potências de 1024 em vez de potências de 1000. Acrescentando-se o & lt; b & rsquo; para o prefixo da unidade SI multiplica o valor por 8. Isso permite usar, por exemplo: & quot; KB & rsquo; e B & rsquo; como sufixos numéricos.

Opções que não aceitam argumentos são opções booleanas e definem o valor correspondente como true. Eles podem ser configurados como false, prefixando o nome da opção com "no". Por exemplo, usando & quot; - nofoo & quot; irá definir a opção booleana com o nome & quot; foo & quot; para falso.

5.1 Especificadores de Fluxo.

Algumas opções são aplicadas por fluxo, por exemplo bitrate ou codec. Especificadores de fluxo são usados ​​para especificar com precisão a qual fluxo (s) uma determinada opção pertence.

Um especificador de fluxo é uma string geralmente anexada ao nome da opção e separada por dois pontos. Por exemplo. - codec: a: 1 ac3 contém o especificador de fluxo a: 1, que corresponde ao segundo fluxo de áudio. Portanto, ele selecionaria o codec ac3 para o segundo fluxo de áudio.

Um especificador de fluxo pode corresponder a vários fluxos, de modo que a opção seja aplicada a todos eles. Por exemplo. o especificador de fluxo em - b: um 128k corresponde a todos os fluxos de áudio.

Um especificador de fluxo vazio corresponde a todos os fluxos. Por exemplo, - codec copy ou - codec: copy copia todos os fluxos sem reencodar.

Formas possíveis de especificadores de fluxo são:

Corresponde ao fluxo com este índice. Por exemplo. - threads: 1 4 definiria a contagem de threads para o segundo fluxo como 4.

stream_type é um dos seguintes: & rsquo; v & rsquo; ou & nbsp; V & rsquo; para vídeo, & rsquo; a & rsquo; para áudio, & rsquo; para legendas, & rsquo; d & rsquo; para dados e & rsquo; para anexos. & rsquo; v & rsquo; corresponde a todos os fluxos de vídeo, & rsquo; V & rsquo; corresponde apenas a fluxos de vídeo que não são imagens anexadas, miniaturas de vídeo ou artes da capa. Se stream_index for fornecido, ele corresponderá ao número de fluxo stream_index desse tipo. Caso contrário, ele corresponderá a todos os fluxos desse tipo.

p: program_id [: stream_index]

Se stream_index for fornecido, ele corresponderá ao fluxo com number stream_index no programa com o id program_id. Caso contrário, corresponde a todos os fluxos no programa.

# stream_id ou i: stream_id.

Combine o fluxo por ID de fluxo (por exemplo, PID no contêiner MPEG-TS).

Corresponde fluxos com a chave de tag de metadados com o valor especificado. Se o valor não for fornecido, corresponderá aos fluxos que contiverem a tag especificada com qualquer valor.

Corresponde fluxos com configuração utilizável, o codec deve ser definido e as informações essenciais, como dimensão de vídeo ou taxa de amostragem de áudio devem estar presentes.

Observe que, no ffmpeg, a correspondência por metadados só funcionará adequadamente para arquivos de entrada.

5.2 Opções genéricas.

Essas opções são compartilhadas entre as ferramentas ff *.

Mostre ajuda. Um parâmetro opcional pode ser especificado para imprimir ajuda sobre um item específico. Se nenhum argumento for especificado, somente as opções de ferramenta básicas (não avançadas) serão mostradas.

Valores possíveis de arg são:

Imprima opções de ferramentas avançadas, além das opções básicas da ferramenta.

Imprimir lista completa de opções, incluindo opções compartilhadas e privadas para codificadores, decodificadores, demuxers, muxers, filtros, etc.

Imprima informações detalhadas sobre o decodificador chamado decoder_name. Use a opção - decoders para obter uma lista de todos os decodificadores.

Imprima informações detalhadas sobre o codificador denominado encoder_name. Use a opção - encoders para obter uma lista de todos os codificadores.

Imprima informações detalhadas sobre o demuxer chamado demuxer_name. Use a opção - formats para obter uma lista de todos os demuxers e muxers.

Imprima informações detalhadas sobre o muxer chamado muxer_name. Use a opção - formats para obter uma lista de todos os muxers e demuxers.

Imprima informações detalhadas sobre o nome do filtro filter_name. Use a opção - filters para obter uma lista de todos os filtros.

Mostrar formatos disponíveis (incluindo dispositivos).

Mostrar demuxers disponíveis.

Mostrar muxers disponíveis.

Mostrar dispositivos disponíveis

Mostrar todos os codecs conhecidos pelo libavcodec.

Observe que o termo & rsquo; codec & rsquo; é usado em toda esta documentação como um atalho para o que é mais corretamente chamado de formato de fluxo de bits de mídia.

Mostrar descodificadores disponíveis.

Mostrar todos os codificadores disponíveis.

Mostrar filtros de fluxo de bits disponíveis.

Mostrar protocolos disponíveis

Mostrar filtros libavfilter disponíveis.

Mostrar os formatos de pixel disponíveis.

Mostrar formatos de amostra disponíveis.

Mostrar nomes de canais e layouts de canal padrão.

Mostrar nomes de cores reconhecidos.

-sources device [, opt1 = val1 [, opt2 = val2]. ]

Mostrar fontes autodetectadas do dispositivo de entrada. Alguns dispositivos podem fornecer nomes de fontes dependentes do sistema que não podem ser autodetectados. Não é possível presumir que a lista retornada esteja sempre completa.

Mostrar coletores autodetectados do dispositivo de saída. Alguns dispositivos podem fornecer nomes de coletor dependentes do sistema que não podem ser autodetectados. Não é possível presumir que a lista retornada esteja sempre completa.

Definir o nível de registro usado pela biblioteca. Adicionando & quot; repetir + & quot; indica que a saída de log repetida não deve ser compactada para a primeira linha e a & quot; Última mensagem repetida n vezes & quot; linha será omitida. & quot; repetir & quot; também pode ser usado sozinho. Se & quot; repetir & quot; é usado sozinho e, sem nenhum conjunto anterior de loglevel, o nível de log padrão será usado. Se vários parâmetros de nível de log forem fornecidos, use & rsquo; repeat & rsquo; não mudará o nível de log. loglevel é uma string ou um número contendo um dos seguintes valores:

Não mostre nada; fique em silencio.

Apenas mostre erros fatais que poderiam levar o processo a falhar, como uma falha de declaração. Isso não é usado atualmente para nada.

Mostrar apenas erros fatais Estes são erros após os quais o processo absolutamente não pode continuar.

Mostrar todos os erros, incluindo os que podem ser recuperados.

Mostrar todos os avisos e erros. Qualquer mensagem relacionada a eventos possivelmente incorretos ou inesperados será mostrada.

Mostrar mensagens informativas durante o processamento. Isto é, além de avisos e erros. Este é o valor padrão.

O mesmo que informação, exceto mais detalhado.

Mostrar tudo, incluindo informações de depuração.

Por padrão, o programa registra no stderr. Se a cor for suportada pelo terminal, as cores serão usadas para marcar erros e avisos. A coloração de log pode ser desativada configurando a variável de ambiente AV_LOG_FORCE_NOCOLOR ou NO_COLOR ou pode ser forçada a configurar a variável de ambiente AV_LOG_FORCE_COLOR. O uso da variável de ambiente NO_COLOR foi descontinuado e será descartado em uma versão futura do FFmpeg.

Dump linha de comando completa e saída do console para um arquivo chamado programa - YYYYMMDD - HHMMSS. log no diretório atual. Este arquivo pode ser útil para relatórios de bugs. Também implica - loglevel verbose.

Definir a variável de ambiente FFREPORT para qualquer valor tem o mesmo efeito. Se o valor for uma seqüência de chave = valor separado, essas opções afetarão o relatório; os valores das opções devem ter escape se contiverem caracteres especiais ou as opções delimitadoras & rsquo;: & rsquo; (veja a seção & ldquo; Citando e escapando & rdquo; no manual ffmpeg-utils).

As seguintes opções são reconhecidas:

defina o nome do arquivo a ser usado para o relatório; % p é expandido para o nome do programa,% t é expandido para um timestamp, %% é expandido para um% normal

defina o nível de verbosidade do log usando um valor numérico (consulte - loglevel).

Por exemplo, para enviar um relatório para um arquivo chamado ffreport. log usando um nível de log de 32 (alias para informações de nível de log):

Erros na análise da variável de ambiente não são fatais e não aparecerão no relatório.

Suprimir o banner de impressão.

Todas as ferramentas do FFmpeg normalmente mostram um aviso de direitos autorais, opções de construção e versões de biblioteca. Essa opção pode ser usada para suprimir a impressão dessas informações.

sinalizadores - cpuflags (global)

Permite configurar e limpar os sinalizadores de cpu. Esta opção destina-se a testes. Não use a menos que você saiba o que está fazendo.

Possíveis sinalizadores para esta opção são:

5.3 AVOpções.

Essas opções são fornecidas diretamente pelas bibliotecas libavformat, libavdevice e libavcodec. Para ver a lista de AVOptions disponíveis, use a opção - help. Eles são separados em duas categorias:

Essas opções podem ser definidas para qualquer contêiner, codec ou dispositivo. As opções genéricas são listadas nas opções AVFormatContext para contêineres / dispositivos e nas opções AVCodecContext para codecs.

Essas opções são específicas para o contêiner, dispositivo ou codec fornecido. As opções privadas são listadas em seus contêineres / dispositivos / codecs correspondentes.

Por exemplo, para escrever um cabeçalho ID3v2.3 em vez de um ID3v2.4 padrão para um arquivo MP3, use a opção private id3v2_version do MP3 muxer:

Todas as AVOptions do codec são por fluxo e, portanto, um especificador de fluxo deve ser anexado a elas.

Nota: a sintaxe - nooption não pode ser usada para AVOptions booleanas, use - option 0 / - option 1.

Observação: a maneira antiga e não documentada de especificar AVOptions por stream inserindo o v / a / s no nome da opção agora está obsoleta e será removida em breve.

5.4 Opções principais

Forçar o formato de arquivo de entrada ou saída. O formato normalmente é detectado automaticamente para arquivos de entrada e adivinhado a partir da extensão do arquivo para arquivos de saída, portanto, essa opção não é necessária na maioria dos casos.

Sobrescrever arquivos de saída sem perguntar.

Não sobrescreva os arquivos de saída e saia imediatamente se um arquivo de saída especificado já existir.

-stream_loop number (input)

Definir o número de vezes que o fluxo de entrada deve ser colocado em loop. Loop 0 significa sem loop, loop -1 significa loop infinito.

-c [: stream_specifier] codec (entrada / saída, por fluxo) - codec [: stream_specifier] codec (entrada / saída, por fluxo)

Selecione um codificador (quando usado antes de um arquivo de saída) ou um decodificador (quando usado antes de um arquivo de entrada) para um ou mais fluxos. codec é o nome de um decodificador / codificador ou uma cópia de valor especial (somente saída) para indicar que o fluxo não deve ser recodificado.

codifica todos os fluxos de vídeo com libx264 e copia todos os fluxos de áudio.

Para cada fluxo, a última opção c correspondente é aplicada, portanto.

copiará todos os streams, exceto o segundo vídeo, que será codificado com libx264, e o áudio 138, que será codificado com libvorbis.

-t duração (entrada / saída)

Quando usado como uma opção de entrada (antes de - i), limite a duração dos dados lidos a partir do arquivo de entrada.

Quando usado como uma opção de saída (antes de um URL de saída), pare de gravar a saída após sua duração atingir a duração.

-to e - t são mutuamente exclusivos e - t tem prioridade.

-para posição (entrada / saída)

Pare de escrever a saída ou ler a entrada na posição. position deve ser uma especificação de duração de tempo, consulte (ffmpeg-utils) a seção Time duration no manual ffmpeg-utils (1).

-to e - t são mutuamente exclusivos e - t tem prioridade.

-fs limit_size (saída)

Defina o limite de tamanho do arquivo, expresso em bytes. Nenhum pedaço de bytes adicional é gravado após o limite ser excedido. O tamanho do arquivo de saída é um pouco maior que o tamanho do arquivo solicitado.

posição - ss (entrada / saída)

Quando usado como uma opção de entrada (antes - i), procura neste arquivo de entrada para posicionar. Note que na maioria dos formatos não é possível procurar exatamente, então o ffmpeg irá procurar o ponto de busca mais próximo antes da posição. Quando a transcodificação e - accurate_seek estiver ativada (o padrão), esse segmento extra entre o ponto de busca e a posição será decodificado e descartado. Ao fazer cópia de fluxo ou quando - noaccurate_seek é usado, ele será preservado.

Quando usado como uma opção de saída (antes de um url de saída), decodifica, mas descarta a entrada até que os timestamps alcancem a posição.

-sem posição (entrada / saída)

Como a opção - ss, mas relativa ao "final do arquivo". Isso é valores negativos são anteriores no arquivo, 0 está em EOF.

-off offset offset (entrada)

Definir o deslocamento do tempo de entrada.

O deslocamento é adicionado aos registros de data e hora dos arquivos de entrada. Especificar um deslocamento positivo significa que os fluxos correspondentes estão atrasados ​​pela duração especificada no deslocamento.

-timestamp data (saída)

Defina o registro de data e hora de gravação no contêiner.

-metadata [: metadata_specifier] key = value (saída, por metadados)

Definir um par de chave / valor de metadados.

Um metadata_specifier opcional pode ser fornecido para definir metadados em fluxos, capítulos ou programas. Veja a documentação do - map_metadata para detalhes.

Esta opção substitui o conjunto de metadados com - map_metadata. Também é possível excluir metadados usando um valor vazio.

Por exemplo, para definir o título no arquivo de saída:

Para definir o idioma do primeiro fluxo de áudio:

Define a disposição de um fluxo.

Esta opção sobrescreve a disposição copiada do fluxo de entrada. Também é possível excluir a disposição configurando-a como 0.

As seguintes disposições são reconhecidas:

padrão dub original comentário letras karaoke forçado hearing_impaired visual_impaired clean_effects legendas descrições metadados.

Por exemplo, para tornar o segundo fluxo de áudio o fluxo padrão:

Para fazer a segunda legenda transmitir o fluxo padrão e remover a disposição padrão do primeiro fluxo de legenda:

Cria um programa com o título especificado, program_num e adiciona o (s) fluxo (s) especificado (s) a ele.

Especifique o tipo de arquivo de destino (vcd, svcd, dvd, dv, dv50). O tipo pode ser prefixado com pal, ntsc ou film para usar o padrão correspondente. Todas as opções de formato (bitrate, codecs, tamanhos de buffer) são então definidas automaticamente. Você pode apenas digitar:

No entanto, você pode especificar opções adicionais desde que você saiba que elas não entram em conflito com o padrão, como em:

Defina o número de quadros de dados para saída. Este é um alias obsoleto para - frames: d, que você deve usar em seu lugar.

-frames [: stream_specifier] framecount (saída, por fluxo)

Pare de gravar no fluxo após quadros de quadros de quadros.

-q [: stream_specifier] q (saída, por fluxo) - qscale [: stream_specifier] q (saída, por fluxo)

Use escala de qualidade fixa (VBR). O significado de q / qscale é dependente de codec. Se qscale é usado sem um stream_specifier, então ele se aplica somente ao fluxo de vídeo, isto é para manter compatibilidade com o comportamento anterior e como especificar o mesmo valor específico do codec para 2 codecs diferentes que é áudio e vídeo geralmente não é o que se pretende quando nenhum stream_specifier é usado.

-filter [: stream_specifier] filtergraph (saída, por fluxo)

Crie o filtergraph especificado pelo filtergraph e use-o para filtrar o fluxo.

filtergraph é uma descrição do filtergraph para aplicar ao fluxo e deve ter uma única entrada e uma única saída do mesmo tipo de fluxo. No filtergraph, a entrada está associada ao rótulo e à saída do rótulo. Veja o manual do ffmpeg-filters para mais informações sobre a sintaxe do filtergraph.

Veja a opção - filter_complex se você deseja criar gráficos de filtro com múltiplas entradas e / ou saídas.

-filter_script [: stream_specifier] nome do arquivo (saída, por fluxo)

Esta opção é semelhante a - filter, a única diferença é que seu argumento é o nome do arquivo a partir do qual uma descrição do filtergraph deve ser lida.

-filter_threads nb_threads (global)

Define quantos encadeamentos são usados ​​para processar um pipeline de filtro. Cada pipeline produzirá um conjunto de encadeamentos com muitos encadeamentos disponíveis para processamento paralelo. O padrão é o número de CPUs disponíveis.

-pre [: stream_specifier] preset_name (saída, por fluxo)

Especifique a predefinição para fluxo (s) correspondente (s).

Imprima progresso / estatísticas de codificação. Está ativado por padrão, para desativá-lo explicitamente, é necessário especificar - nostats.

-progress url (global)

Envie informações de progresso compatíveis com o programa para o URL.

Informações de progresso são escritas aproximadamente a cada segundo e no final do processo de codificação. É feito de & quot; chave = valor & quot; linhas. chave consiste em apenas caracteres alfanuméricos. A última chave de uma sequência de informação de progresso é sempre "progresso".

Ativar interação na entrada padrão. Ativado por padrão, a menos que a entrada padrão seja usada como entrada. Para desabilitar explicitamente a interação, você precisa especificar - nostdin.

Desativar a interação na entrada padrão é útil, por exemplo, se ffmpeg estiver no grupo de processos em segundo plano. Aproximadamente o mesmo resultado pode ser alcançado com o ffmpeg. & lt; / dev / null mas requer um shell.

Imprime informações de registro de data e hora. Ele está desligado por padrão. Essa opção é útil principalmente para fins de teste e depuração, e o formato de saída pode mudar de uma versão para outra, portanto, não deve ser empregado por scripts portáteis.

Veja também a opção - fdebug ts.

nome do arquivo - attach (saída)

Adicione um anexo ao arquivo de saída. Isto é suportado por alguns formatos como o Matroska, por ex. fontes usadas na renderização de legendas. Anexos são implementados como um tipo específico de fluxo, portanto, essa opção adicionará um novo fluxo ao arquivo. É então possível usar as opções por fluxo neste fluxo da maneira usual. Os fluxos de anexos criados com essa opção serão criados após todos os outros fluxos (isto é, aqueles criados com mapeamentos - map ou automáticos).

Observe que, para Matroska, você também precisa definir a tag de metadados do tipo MIME:

(assumindo que o fluxo de anexos será o terceiro no arquivo de saída).

-dump_attachment [: stream_specifier] nome do arquivo (entrada, por fluxo)

Extraia o fluxo de anexo correspondente em um arquivo denominado filename. Se filename estiver vazio, o valor da tag de metadados do nome do arquivo será usado.

Por exemplo. para extrair o primeiro anexo de um arquivo chamado & rsquo; out. ttf & rsquo ;:

Para extrair todos os anexos dos arquivos determinados pela tag de nome de arquivo:

Nota técnica & ndash; anexos são implementados como codec extradata, portanto, essa opção pode ser usada para extrair extradados de qualquer fluxo, não apenas anexos.

Desative a rotação automática de vídeo com base nos metadados do arquivo.

5.5 Opções de Vídeo.

Defina o número de quadros de vídeo para saída. Este é um alias obsoleto para - frames: v, que você deve usar em seu lugar.

-r [: stream_specifier] fps (entrada / saída, por fluxo)

Defina a taxa de quadros (valor Hz, fração ou abreviação).

Como uma opção de entrada, ignore quaisquer registros de data e hora armazenados no arquivo e, em vez disso, gere registros de data e hora assumindo fps de taxa de quadros constantes. Isto não é o mesmo que a opção - framerate usada para alguns formatos de entrada como image2 ou v4l2 (costumava ser o mesmo em versões mais antigas do FFmpeg). Em caso de dúvida use - framerate em vez da opção de entrada - r.

Como uma opção de saída, duplique ou elimine os quadros de entrada para obter fps de taxa de quadros de saída constantes.

-s [: stream_specifier] size (entrada / saída, por fluxo)

Como uma opção de entrada, este é um atalho para a opção privada video_size, reconhecida por alguns demuxers para os quais o tamanho do quadro não é armazenado no arquivo ou é configurável & ndash; por exemplo. vídeo bruto ou video grabbers.

Como uma opção de saída, isso insere o filtro de vídeo de escala no final do filtro correspondente. Please use the scale filter directly to insert it at the beginning or some other place.

The format is ‘ wxh ’ (default - same as source).

-aspect[: stream_specifier ] aspect ( output, per-stream )

Set the video display aspect ratio specified by aspect .

aspect can be a floating point number string, or a string of the form num : den , where num and den are the numerator and denominator of the aspect ratio. For example "4:3", "16:9", "1.3333", and "1.7777" are valid argument values.

If used together with - vcodec copy , it will affect the aspect ratio stored at container level, but not the aspect ratio stored in encoded frames, if it exists.

Disable video recording.

-vcodec codec ( output )

Set the video codec. This is an alias for - codec:v .

-pass[: stream_specifier ] n ( output, per-stream )

Select the pass number (1 or 2). It is used to do two-pass video encoding. The statistics of the video are recorded in the first pass into a log file (see also the option - passlogfile), and in the second pass that log file is used to generate the video at the exact requested bitrate. On pass 1, you may just deactivate audio and set output to null, examples for Windows and Unix:

Set two-pass log file name prefix to prefix , the default file name prefix is “ffmpeg2pass”. The complete file name will be PREFIX-N. log , where N is a number specific to the output stream.

-vf filtergraph ( output )

Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to filter the stream.

This is an alias for - filter:v , see the - filter option.

5.6 Advanced Video options.

Set pixel format. Use - pix_fmts to show all the supported pixel formats. If the selected pixel format can not be selected, ffmpeg will print a warning and select the best pixel format supported by the encoder. If pix_fmt is prefixed by a + , ffmpeg will exit with an error if the requested pixel format can not be selected, and automatic conversions inside filtergraphs are disabled. If pix_fmt is a single + , ffmpeg selects the same pixel format as the input (or graph output) and automatic conversions are disabled.

-sws_flags flags ( input/output )

Set SwScaler flags.

-rc_override[: stream_specifier ] override ( output, per-stream )

Rate control override for specific intervals, formatted as "int, int, int" list separated with slashes. Two first values are the beginning and end frame numbers, last one is quantizer to use if positive, or quality factor if negative.

Force interlacing support in encoder (MPEG-2 and MPEG-4 only). Use this option if your input file is interlaced and you want to keep the interlaced format for minimum losses. The alternative is to deinterlace the input stream with - deinterlace , but deinterlacing introduces losses.

Calculate PSNR of compressed frames.

Dump video coding statistics to vstats_HHMMSS. log .

Dump video coding statistics to file .

Specifies which version of the vstats format to use. Default is 2.

frame= %5d q= %2.1f PSNR= %6.2f f_size= %6d s_size= %8.0fkB time= %0.3f br= %7.1fkbits/s avg_br= %7.1fkbits/s.

out= %2d st= %2d frame= %5d q= %2.1f PSNR= %6.2f f_size= %6d s_size= %8.0fkB time= %0.3f br= %7.1fkbits/s avg_br= %7.1fkbits/s.

-top[: stream_specifier ] n ( output, per-stream )

top=1/bottom=0/auto=-1 field first.

-vtag fourcc/tag ( output )

Force video tag/fourcc. This is an alias for - tag:v .

Show QP histogram.

Deprecated see - bsf.

-force_key_frames[: stream_specifier ] time [, time . ] ( output, per-stream ) - force_key_frames[: stream_specifier ] expr: expr ( output, per-stream )

Force key frames at the specified timestamps, more precisely at the first frames after each specified time.

If the argument is prefixed with expr: , the string expr is interpreted like an expression and is evaluated for each frame. A key frame is forced in case the evaluation is non-zero.

If one of the times is " chapters [ delta ]", it is expanded into the time of the beginning of all chapters in the file, shifted by delta , expressed as a time in seconds. This option can be useful to ensure that a seek point is present at a chapter mark or any other designated place in the output file.

For example, to insert a key frame at 5 minutes, plus key frames 0.1 second before the beginning of every chapter:

The expression in expr can contain the following constants:

the number of current processed frame, starting from 0.

the number of forced frames.

the number of the previous forced frame, it is NAN when no keyframe was forced yet.

the time of the previous forced frame, it is NAN when no keyframe was forced yet.

the time of the current processed frame.

For example to force a key frame every 5 seconds, you can specify:

To force a key frame 5 seconds after the time of the last forced one, starting from second 13:

Note that forcing too many keyframes is very harmful for the lookahead algorithms of certain encoders: using fixed-GOP options or similar would be more efficient.

-copyinkf[: stream_specifier ] ( output, per-stream )

When doing stream copy, copy also non-key frames found at the beginning.

-init_hw_device type [= name ][: device [, key=value . ]]

Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name , using the given device parameters. If no name is specified it will receive a default name of the form " type %d".

The meaning of device and the following arguments depends on the device type:

device is the number of the CUDA device.

device is the number of the Direct3D 9 display adapter.

device is either an X11 display name or a DRM render node. If not specified, it will attempt to open the default X11 display ( $DISPLAY ) and then the first DRM render node ( /dev/dri/renderD128 ).

device is an X11 display name. If not specified, it will attempt to open the default X11 display ( $DISPLAY ).

device selects a value in ‘ MFX_IMPL_* ’. Allowed values are:

auto sw hw auto_any hw_any hw2 hw3 hw4.

If not specified, ‘ auto_any ’ é usado. (Note that it may be easier to achieve the desired result for QSV by creating the platform-appropriate subdevice (‘ dxva2 ’ or ‘ vaapi ’) and then deriving a QSV device from that.)

device selects the platform and device as platform_index. device_index .

The set of devices can also be filtered using the key-value pairs to find only devices matching particular platform or device strings.

The strings usable as filters are:

platform_profile platform_version platform_name platform_vendor platform_extensions device_name device_vendor driver_version device_version device_profile device_extensions device_type.

The indices and filters must together uniquely select a device.

Choose the second device on the first platform.

Choose the device with a name containing the string Foo9000 .

Choose the GPU device on the second platform supporting the cl_khr_fp16 extension.

-init_hw_device type [= name ]@ source.

Initialise a new hardware device of type type called name , deriving it from the existing device with the name source .

List all hardware device types supported in this build of ffmpeg.

Pass the hardware device called name to all filters in any filter graph. This can be used to set the device to upload to with the hwupload filter, or the device to map to with the hwmap filter. Other filters may also make use of this parameter when they require a hardware device. Note that this is typically only required when the input is not already in hardware frames - when it is, filters will derive the device they require from the context of the frames they receive as input.

This is a global setting, so all filters will receive the same device.

-hwaccel[: stream_specifier ] hwaccel ( input, per-stream )

Use hardware acceleration to decode the matching stream(s). The allowed values of hwaccel are:

Do not use any hardware acceleration (the default).

Automatically select the hardware acceleration method.

Use VDPAU (Video Decode and Presentation API for Unix) hardware acceleration.

Use DXVA2 (DirectX Video Acceleration) hardware acceleration.

Use VAAPI (Video Acceleration API) hardware acceleration.

Use the Intel QuickSync Video acceleration for video transcoding.

Unlike most other values, this option does not enable accelerated decoding (that is used automatically whenever a qsv decoder is selected), but accelerated transcoding, without copying the frames into the system memory.

For it to work, both the decoder and the encoder must support QSV acceleration and no filters must be used.

This option has no effect if the selected hwaccel is not available or not supported by the chosen decoder.

Note that most acceleration methods are intended for playback and will not be faster than software decoding on modern CPUs. Additionally, ffmpeg will usually need to copy the decoded frames from the GPU memory into the system memory, resulting in further performance loss. This option is thus mainly useful for testing.

-hwaccel_device[: stream_specifier ] hwaccel_device ( input, per-stream )

Select a device to use for hardware acceleration.

This option only makes sense when the - hwaccel option is also specified. It can either refer to an existing device created with - init_hw_device by name, or it can create a new device as if ‘ - init_hw_device ’ type : hwaccel_device were called immediately before.

List all hardware acceleration methods supported in this build of ffmpeg.

5.7 Audio Options.

Set the number of audio frames to output. This is an obsolete alias for - frames:a , which you should use instead.

-ar[: stream_specifier ] freq ( input/output, per-stream )

Set the audio sampling frequency. For output streams it is set by default to the frequency of the corresponding input stream. For input streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.

Set the audio quality (codec-specific, VBR). This is an alias for - q:a.

-ac[: stream_specifier ] channels ( input/output, per-stream )

Set the number of audio channels. For output streams it is set by default to the number of input audio channels. For input streams this option only makes sense for audio grabbing devices and raw demuxers and is mapped to the corresponding demuxer options.

Disable audio recording.

-acodec codec ( input/output )

Set the audio codec. This is an alias for - codec:a .

-sample_fmt[: stream_specifier ] sample_fmt ( output, per-stream )

Set the audio sample format. Use - sample_fmts to get a list of supported sample formats.

-af filtergraph ( output )

Create the filtergraph specified by filtergraph and use it to filter the stream.

This is an alias for - filter:a , see the - filter option.

5.8 Advanced Audio options.

Force audio tag/fourcc. This is an alias for - tag:a .

Deprecated, see - bsf.

-guess_layout_max channels ( input, per-stream )

If some input channel layout is not known, try to guess only if it corresponds to at most the specified number of channels. For example, 2 tells to ffmpeg to recognize 1 channel as mono and 2 channels as stereo but not 6 channels as 5.1. The default is to always try to guess. Use 0 to disable all guessing.

5.9 Subtitle options.

Set the subtitle codec. This is an alias for - codec:s .

Disable subtitle recording.

Deprecated, see - bsf.

5.10 Advanced Subtitle options.

Fix subtitles durations. For each subtitle, wait for the next packet in the same stream and adjust the duration of the first to avoid overlap. This is necessary with some subtitles codecs, especially DVB subtitles, because the duration in the original packet is only a rough estimate and the end is actually marked by an empty subtitle frame. Failing to use this option when necessary can result in exaggerated durations or muxing failures due to non-monotonic timestamps.

Note that this option will delay the output of all data until the next subtitle packet is decoded: it may increase memory consumption and latency a lot.

Set the size of the canvas used to render subtitles.

5.11 Advanced options.

Designate one or more input streams as a source for the output file. Each input stream is identified by the input file index input_file_id and the input stream index input_stream_id within the input file. Both indices start at 0. If specified, sync_file_id : stream_specifier sets which input stream is used as a presentation sync reference.

The first - map option on the command line specifies the source for output stream 0, the second - map option specifies the source for output stream 1, etc.

A - character before the stream identifier creates a "negative" mapping. It disables matching streams from already created mappings.

A trailing ? after the stream index will allow the map to be optional: if the map matches no streams the map will be ignored instead of failing. Note the map will still fail if an invalid input file index is used; such as if the map refers to a non-existent input.

An alternative [linklabel] form will map outputs from complex filter graphs (see the - filter_complex option) to the output file. linklabel must correspond to a defined output link label in the graph.

For example, to map ALL streams from the first input file to output.

For example, if you have two audio streams in the first input file, these streams are identified by "0:0" and "0:1". You can use - map to select which streams to place in an output file. Por exemplo:

will map the input stream in INPUT identified by "0:1" to the (single) output stream in out. wav .

For example, to select the stream with index 2 from input file a. mov (specified by the identifier "0:2"), and stream with index 6 from input b. mov (specified by the identifier "1:6"), and copy them to the output file out. mov :

To select all video and the third audio stream from an input file:

To map all the streams except the second audio, use negative mappings.

To map the video and audio streams from the first input, and using the trailing ? , ignore the audio mapping if no audio streams exist in the first input:

To pick the English audio stream:

Note that using this option disables the default mappings for this output file.

Ignore input streams with unknown type instead of failing if copying such streams is attempted.

Allow input streams with unknown type to be copied instead of failing if copying such streams is attempted.

-map_channel [ input_file_id . stream_specifier . channel_id |-1][?][: output_file_id . stream_specifier ]

Map an audio channel from a given input to an output. If output_file_id . stream_specifier is not set, the audio channel will be mapped on all the audio streams.

Using "-1" instead of input_file_id . stream_specifier . channel_id will map a muted channel.

A trailing ? will allow the map_channel to be optional: if the map_channel matches no channel the map_channel will be ignored instead of failing.

For example, assuming INPUT is a stereo audio file, you can switch the two audio channels with the following command:

If you want to mute the first channel and keep the second:

The order of the "-map_channel" option specifies the order of the channels in the output stream. The output channel layout is guessed from the number of channels mapped (mono if one "-map_channel", stereo if two, etc.). Using "-ac" in combination of "-map_channel" makes the channel gain levels to be updated if input and output channel layouts don’t match (for instance two "-map_channel" options and "-ac 6").

You can also extract each channel of an input to specific outputs; the following command extracts two channels of the INPUT audio stream (file 0, stream 0) to the respective OUTPUT_CH0 and OUTPUT_CH1 outputs:

The following example splits the channels of a stereo input into two separate streams, which are put into the same output file:

Note that currently each output stream can only contain channels from a single input stream; you can’t for example use "-map_channel" to pick multiple input audio channels contained in different streams (from the same or different files) and merge them into a single output stream. It is therefore not currently possible, for example, to turn two separate mono streams into a single stereo stream. However splitting a stereo stream into two single channel mono streams is possible.

If you need this feature, a possible workaround is to use the amerge filter. For example, if you need to merge a media (here input. mkv ) with 2 mono audio streams into one single stereo channel audio stream (and keep the video stream), you can use the following command:

To map the first two audio channels from the first input, and using the trailing ? , ignore the audio channel mapping if the first input is mono instead of stereo:

Set metadata information of the next output file from infile . Note that those are file indices (zero-based), not filenames. Optional metadata_spec_in/out parameters specify, which metadata to copy. A metadata specifier can have the following forms:

global metadata, i. e. metadata that applies to the whole file.

per-stream metadata. stream_spec is a stream specifier as described in the Stream specifiers chapter. In an input metadata specifier, the first matching stream is copied from. In an output metadata specifier, all matching streams are copied to.

per-chapter metadata. chapter_index is the zero-based chapter index.

per-program metadata. program_index is the zero-based program index.

If metadata specifier is omitted, it defaults to global.

By default, global metadata is copied from the first input file, per-stream and per-chapter metadata is copied along with streams/chapters. These default mappings are disabled by creating any mapping of the relevant type. A negative file index can be used to create a dummy mapping that just disables automatic copying.

For example to copy metadata from the first stream of the input file to global metadata of the output file:

To do the reverse, i. e. copy global metadata to all audio streams:

Note that simple 0 would work as well in this example, since global metadata is assumed by default.

-map_chapters input_file_index ( output )

Copy chapters from input file with index input_file_index to the next output file. If no chapter mapping is specified, then chapters are copied from the first input file with at least one chapter. Use a negative file index to disable any chapter copying.

Show benchmarking information at the end of an encode. Shows CPU time used and maximum memory consumption. Maximum memory consumption is not supported on all systems, it will usually display as 0 if not supported.

Show benchmarking information during the encode. Shows CPU time used in various steps (audio/video encode/decode).

-timelimit duration ( global )

Exit after ffmpeg has been running for duration seconds.

Dump each input packet to stderr.

When dumping packets, also dump the payload.

Read input at native frame rate. Mainly used to simulate a grab device, or live input stream (e. g. when reading from a file). Should not be used with actual grab devices or live input streams (where it can cause packet loss). By default ffmpeg attempts to read the input(s) as fast as possible. This option will slow down the reading of the input(s) to the native frame rate of the input(s). It is useful for real-time output (e. g. live streaming).

Repeatedly loop output for formats that support looping such as animated GIF (0 will loop the output infinitely). This option is deprecated, use - loop.

Video sync method. For compatibility reasons old values can be specified as numbers. Newly added values will have to be specified as strings always.

Each frame is passed with its timestamp from the demuxer to the muxer.

Frames will be duplicated and dropped to achieve exactly the requested constant frame rate.

Frames are passed through with their timestamp or dropped so as to prevent 2 frames from having the same timestamp.

As passthrough but destroys all timestamps, making the muxer generate fresh timestamps based on frame-rate.

Chooses between 1 and 2 depending on muxer capabilities. This is the default method.

Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this. For example, in the case that the format option avoid_negative_ts is enabled.

With - map you can select from which stream the timestamps should be taken. You can leave either video or audio unchanged and sync the remaining stream(s) to the unchanged one.

Frame drop threshold, which specifies how much behind video frames can be before they are dropped. In frame rate units, so 1.0 is one frame. The default is -1.1. One possible usecase is to avoid framedrops in case of noisy timestamps or to increase frame drop precision in case of exact timestamps.

Audio sync method. "Stretches/squeezes" the audio stream to match the timestamps, the parameter is the maximum samples per second by which the audio is changed. - async 1 is a special case where only the start of the audio stream is corrected without any later correction.

Note that the timestamps may be further modified by the muxer, after this. For example, in the case that the format option avoid_negative_ts is enabled.

This option has been deprecated. Use the aresample audio filter instead.

Do not process input timestamps, but keep their values without trying to sanitize them. In particular, do not remove the initial start time offset value.

Note that, depending on the vsync option or on specific muxer processing (e. g. in case the format option avoid_negative_ts is enabled) the output timestamps may mismatch with the input timestamps even when this option is selected.

When used with copyts , shift input timestamps so they start at zero.

This means that using e. g. - ss 50 will make output timestamps start at 50 seconds, regardless of what timestamp the input file started at.

Specify how to set the encoder timebase when stream copying. mode is an integer numeric value, and can assume one of the following values:

Use the demuxer timebase.

The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input demuxer. This is sometimes required to avoid non monotonically increasing timestamps when copying video streams with variable frame rate.

Use the decoder timebase.

The time base is copied to the output encoder from the corresponding input decoder.

Try to make the choice automatically, in order to generate a sane output.

Default value is -1.

-enc_time_base[: stream_specifier ] timebase ( output, per-stream )

Set the encoder timebase. timebase is a floating point number, and can assume one of the following values:

Assign a default value according to the media type.

For video - use 1/framerate, for audio - use 1/samplerate.

Use the input stream timebase when possible.

If an input stream is not available, the default timebase will be used.

Use the provided number as the timebase.

This field can be provided as a ratio of two integers (e. g. 1:24, 1:48000) or as a floating point number (e. g. 0.04166, 2.0833e-5)

Default value is 0.

Enable bitexact mode for (de)muxer and (de/en)coder.

Finish encoding when the shortest input stream ends.

Timestamp discontinuity delta threshold.

-muxdelay seconds ( input )

Set the maximum demux-decode delay.

-muxpreload seconds ( input )

Set the initial demux-decode delay.

-streamid output-stream-index : new-value ( output )

Assign a new stream-id value to an output stream. This option should be specified prior to the output filename to which it applies. For the situation where multiple output files exist, a streamid may be reassigned to a different value.

For example, to set the stream 0 PID to 33 and the stream 1 PID to 36 for an output mpegts file:

Set bitstream filters for matching streams. bitstream_filters is a comma-separated list of bitstream filters. Use the - bsfs option to get the list of bitstream filters.

Force a tag/fourcc for matching streams.

-timecode hh : mm : ss SEP ff.

Specify Timecode for writing. SEP is ’:’ for non drop timecode and ’;’ (or ’.’) for drop.

Define a complex filtergraph, i. e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or outputs. For simple graphs – those with one input and one output of the same type – see the - filter options. filtergraph is a description of the filtergraph, as described in the “Filtergraph syntax” section of the ffmpeg-filters manual.

Input link labels must refer to input streams using the [file_index:stream_specifier] syntax (i. e. the same as - map uses). If stream_specifier matches multiple streams, the first one will be used. An unlabeled input will be connected to the first unused input stream of the matching type.

Output link labels are referred to with - map . Unlabeled outputs are added to the first output file.

Note that with this option it is possible to use only lavfi sources without normal input files.

For example, to overlay an image over video.

Here [0:v] refers to the first video stream in the first input file, which is linked to the first (main) input of the overlay filter. Similarly the first video stream in the second input is linked to the second (overlay) input of overlay.

Assuming there is only one video stream in each input file, we can omit input labels, so the above is equivalent to.

Furthermore we can omit the output label and the single output from the filter graph will be added to the output file automatically, so we can simply write.

To generate 5 seconds of pure red video using lavfi color source:

Defines how many threads are used to process a filter_complex graph. Similar to filter_threads but used for - filter_complex graphs only. The default is the number of available CPUs.

-lavfi filtergraph ( global )

Define a complex filtergraph, i. e. one with arbitrary number of inputs and/or outputs. Equivalent to - filter_complex .

-filter_complex_script filename ( global )

This option is similar to - filter_complex , the only difference is that its argument is the name of the file from which a complex filtergraph description is to be read.

This option enables or disables accurate seeking in input files with the - ss option. It is enabled by default, so seeking is accurate when transcoding. Use - noaccurate_seek to disable it, which may be useful e. g. when copying some streams and transcoding the others.

This option enables or disables seeking by timestamp in input files with the - ss option. It is disabled by default. If enabled, the argument to the - ss option is considered an actual timestamp, and is not offset by the start time of the file. This matters only for files which do not start from timestamp 0, such as transport streams.

-thread_queue_size size ( input )

This option sets the maximum number of queued packets when reading from the file or device. With low latency / high rate live streams, packets may be discarded if they are not read in a timely manner; raising this value can avoid it.

-sdp_file file ( global )

Print sdp information for an output stream to file . This allows dumping sdp information when at least one output isn’t an rtp stream. (Requires at least one of the output formats to be rtp).

Allows discarding specific streams or frames of streams at the demuxer. Not all demuxers support this.

Discard no frame.

Default, which discards no frames.

Discard all non-reference frames.

Discard all bidirectional frames.

Discard all frames excepts keyframes.

Discard all frames.

-abort_on flags ( global )

Stop and abort on various conditions. The following flags are available:

No packets were passed to the muxer, the output is empty.

Stop and exit on error.

-max_muxing_queue_size packets ( output, per-stream )

When transcoding audio and/or video streams, ffmpeg will not begin writing into the output until it has one packet for each such stream. While waiting for that to happen, packets for other streams are buffered. This option sets the size of this buffer, in packets, for the matching output stream.

The default value of this option should be high enough for most uses, so only touch this option if you are sure that you need it.

As a special exception, you can use a bitmap subtitle stream as input: it will be converted into a video with the same size as the largest video in the file, or 720x576 if no video is present. Note that this is an experimental and temporary solution. It will be removed once libavfilter has proper support for subtitles.

For example, to hardcode subtitles on top of a DVB-T recording stored in MPEG-TS format, delaying the subtitles by 1 second:

(0x2d0, 0x2dc and 0x2ef are the MPEG-TS PIDs of respectively the video, audio and subtitles streams; 0:0, 0:3 and 0:7 would have worked too)

5.12 Preset files.

A preset file contains a sequence of option = value pairs, one for each line, specifying a sequence of options which would be awkward to specify on the command line. Lines starting with the hash (’#’) character are ignored and are used to provide comments. Check the presets directory in the FFmpeg source tree for examples.

There are two types of preset files: ffpreset and avpreset files.

5.12.1 ffpreset files.

ffpreset files are specified with the vpre , apre , spre , and fpre options. The fpre option takes the filename of the preset instead of a preset name as input and can be used for any kind of codec. For the vpre , apre , and spre options, the options specified in a preset file are applied to the currently selected codec of the same type as the preset option.

The argument passed to the vpre , apre , and spre preset options identifies the preset file to use according to the following rules:

First ffmpeg searches for a file named arg. ffpreset in the directories $FFMPEG_DATADIR (if set), and $HOME/.ffmpeg , and in the datadir defined at configuration time (usually PREFIX/share/ffmpeg ) or in a ffpresets folder along the executable on win32, in that order. For example, if the argument is libvpx-1080p , it will search for the file libvpx-1080p. ffpreset .

If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named codec_name - arg. ffpreset in the above-mentioned directories, where codec_name is the name of the codec to which the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select the video codec with - vcodec libvpx and use - vpre 1080p , then it will search for the file libvpx-1080p. ffpreset .

5.12.2 avpreset files.

avpreset files are specified with the pre option. They work similar to ffpreset files, but they only allow encoder - specific options. Therefore, an option = value pair specifying an encoder cannot be used.

When the pre option is specified, ffmpeg will look for files with the suffix. avpreset in the directories $AVCONV_DATADIR (if set), and $HOME/.avconv , and in the datadir defined at configuration time (usually PREFIX/share/ffmpeg ), in that order.

First ffmpeg searches for a file named codec_name - arg. avpreset in the above-mentioned directories, where codec_name is the name of the codec to which the preset file options will be applied. For example, if you select the video codec with - vcodec libvpx and use - pre 1080p , then it will search for the file libvpx-1080p. avpreset .

If no such file is found, then ffmpeg will search for a file named arg. avpreset in the same directories.

6 Examples.

6.1 Video and Audio grabbing.

If you specify the input format and device then ffmpeg can grab video and audio directly.

Or with an ALSA audio source (mono input, card id 1) instead of OSS:

Note that you must activate the right video source and channel before launching ffmpeg with any TV viewer such as xawtv by Gerd Knorr. You also have to set the audio recording levels correctly with a standard mixer.

6.2 X11 grabbing.

Grab the X11 display with ffmpeg via.

0.0 is display. screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment variable.

0.0 is display. screen number of your X11 server, same as the DISPLAY environment variable. 10 is the x-offset and 20 the y-offset for the grabbing.

6.3 Video and Audio file format conversion.

Any supported file format and protocol can serve as input to ffmpeg:

You can use YUV files as input:

It will use the files:

The Y files use twice the resolution of the U and V files. They are raw files, without header. They can be generated by all decent video decoders. You must specify the size of the image with the - s option if ffmpeg cannot guess it.

test. yuv is a file containing raw YUV planar data. Each frame is composed of the Y plane followed by the U and V planes at half vertical and horizontal resolution.

Converts the audio file a. wav and the raw YUV video file a. yuv to MPEG file a. mpg.

Converts a. wav to MPEG audio at 22050 Hz sample rate.

Converts a. wav to a. mp2 at 64 kbits and to b. mp2 at 128 kbits. ’-map file:index’ specifies which input stream is used for each output stream, in the order of the definition of output streams.

This is a typical DVD ripping example; the input is a VOB file, the output an AVI file with MPEG-4 video and MP3 audio. Note that in this command we use B-frames so the MPEG-4 stream is DivX5 compatible, and GOP size is 300 which means one intra frame every 10 seconds for 29.97fps input video. Furthermore, the audio stream is MP3-encoded so you need to enable LAME support by passing --enable-libmp3lame to configure. The mapping is particularly useful for DVD transcoding to get the desired audio language.

NOTE: To see the supported input formats, use ffmpeg - demuxers .

For extracting images from a video:

This will extract one video frame per second from the video and will output them in files named foo-001.jpeg , foo-002.jpeg , etc. Images will be rescaled to fit the new WxH values.

If you want to extract just a limited number of frames, you can use the above command in combination with the - frames:v or - t option, or in combination with - ss to start extracting from a certain point in time.

For creating a video from many images:

The syntax foo-%03d. jpeg specifies to use a decimal number composed of three digits padded with zeroes to express the sequence number. It is the same syntax supported by the C printf function, but only formats accepting a normal integer are suitable.

When importing an image sequence, - i also supports expanding shell-like wildcard patterns (globbing) internally, by selecting the image2-specific - pattern_type glob option.

For example, for creating a video from filenames matching the glob pattern foo-*.jpeg :

The resulting output file test12.nut will contain the first four streams from the input files in reverse order.

7 See Also.

The FFmpeg developers.

For details about the authorship, see the Git history of the project (git://source. ffmpeg/ffmpeg), e. g. by typing the command git log in the FFmpeg source directory, or browsing the online repository at source. ffmpeg.

Maintainers for the specific components are listed in the file MAINTAINERS in the source code tree.

This document was generated on February 21, 2018 using makeinfo .

Introdução.

This suite of sample programs describes how to convert an EBCDIC encoded VSAM Key-Sequenced-Data-Set (KSDS) to an ASCII encoded VSAM Key-Sequenced-Data-Set (KSDS). The SimoTime Utility program is used to accomplish this task. The utility program does not actually do the conversion. It generates two (2) COBOL programs that are capable of doing both file format and file content conversion.

The first program does the File I/O (i. e. file format conversion) of reading the EBCDIC encoded Customer Master File and writing the new ASCII encoded Customer Master File. The File I/O program calls the second program (i. e. file content conversion) to do the EBCDIC to ASCII conversion of the records within the file. The COBOL programs were generated by SimoTime technology using a COBOL copy file that defines the record layout. The generation of the programs is done on a Windows system running Micro Focus COBOL. However, since the generated COBOL source code is COBOL/390 compliant it may be compiled and executed on an IBM Mainframe, a Windows system with Micro Focus or a UNIX system with Micro Focus.

Note: For the Micro Focus environment the programs are normally compiled using a Mainframe dialect using he CHARSET(EBCDIC) or CHARSET(ASCII) compiler directives. If the programs are compiled using a non-Mainframe dialect the IBMCOMP directive must be used since the customer master file used in this example contains binary (or COMP) fields.

We have made a significant effort to ensure the documents and software technologies are correct and accurate. We reserve the right to make changes without notice at any time. The function delivered in this version is based upon the enhancement requests from a specific group of users. The intent is to provide changes as the need arises and in a timeframe that is dependent upon the availability of resources.

SimoTime Technologies and Services.

Todos os direitos reservados.

JCL Member.

The term Mainframe-Oriented refers to an actual IBM Mainframe, Micro Focus Mainframe Express or Micro Focus Enterprise Server with the Mainframe Transaction Option and the Batch Facility. The following (CUSE2AJ1.jcl) is a listing of the JCL member needed to run this job.

The following is the Windows Command file (CUSE2AE1.cmd) that is needed to run this job as a batch task in a Micro Focus and Windows environment without Mainframe JCL emulation.

The COBOL I/O Program.

The following (CUSE2AIO. cbl) is the COBOL I/O program that was generated with SimoTime technology. The program was tested using Micro Focus Enterprise Server on Windows/XP. The program were successfully executed in both an EBCDIC and ASCII encoded configuration.

The COBOL Conversion Routine.

The following (CUSE2AR1.cbl) is a COBOL program that converts a record based on the record layout defined in a COBOL copy file. The program was tested using Micro Focus Enterprise Server on Windows/XP. The program were successfully executed in both an EBCDIC and ASCII encoded configuration.

The purpose of this program is to provide an example of how to convert an EBCDIC-encoded Indexed file to an ASCII-encoded Indexed file and maintain mainframe numeric integrity. This document may be used as a tutorial for new programmers or as a quick reference for experienced programmers.

In the world of programming there are many ways to solve a problem. This document and the links to other documents are intended to provide a greater awareness of the Data Management and Application Processing alternatives.

The documentation and software were developed and tested on systems that are configured for a SIMOTIME environment based on the hardware, operating systems, user requirements and security requirements. Therefore, adjustments may be needed to execute the jobs and programs when transferred to a system of a different architecture or configuration.

SIMOTIME Services has experience in moving or sharing data or application processing across a variety of systems. For additional information about SIMOTIME Services or Technologies please send an e-mail to: helpdesk@simotime or call 415 883-6565. We appreciate hearing from you.

Software Agreement and Disclaimer.

Permission to use, copy, modify and distribute this software, documentation or training material for any purpose requires a fee to be paid to SimoTime Technologies. Once the fee is received by SimoTime the latest version of the software, documentation or training material will be delivered and a license will be granted for use within an enterprise, provided the SimoTime copyright notice appear on all copies of the software. The SimoTime name or Logo may not be used in any advertising or publicity pertaining to the use of the software without the written permission of SimoTime Technologies.

SimoTime Technologies makes no warranty or representations about the suitability of the software, documentation or learning material for any purpose. It is provided "AS IS" without any expressed or implied warranty, including the implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose and non-infringement. SimoTime Technologies shall not be liable for any direct, indirect, special or consequential damages resulting from the loss of use, data or projects, whether in an action of contract or tort, arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of this software, documentation or training material.

Downloads and Links.

This section includes links to documents with additional information that are beyond the scope and purpose of this document. The first group of documents may be available from a local system or via an internet connection, the second group of documents will require an internet connection.

Note: A SimoTime License is required for the items to be made available on a local system or server.

Current Server or Internet Access.

The following links may be to the current server or to the Internet.

Note: The latest versions of the SimoTime Documents and Program Suites are available on the Internet and may be accessed using the icon. If a user has a SimoTime Enterprise License the Documents and Program Suites may be available on a local server and accessed using the icon.

Explore the JCL Connection for more examples of JCL functionality with programming techniques and sample code.

Explore the COBOL Connection for more examples of COBOL programming techniques and sample code.

Explore An Enterprise System Model that describes and demonstrates how Applications that were running on a Mainframe System and non-relational data that was located on the Mainframe System were copied and deployed in a Microsoft Windows environment with Micro Focus Enterprise Server.

Explore The ASCII and EBCDIC Translation Tables . These tables are provided for individuals that need to better understand the bit structures and differences of the encoding formats.

Explore The File Status Return Codes to interpret the results of accessing VSAM data sets and/or QSAM files.

Internet Access Required.

The following links will require an internet connect.

This suite of programs and documentation is available to download for review and evaluation purposes. Other uses will require a SimoTime Software License. Link to an Evaluation zPAK Option that includes the program members, documentation and control files.

A good place to start is The SimoTime Home Page for access to white papers, program examples and product information. This link requires an Internet Connection.

Explore The Micro Focus Web Site for more information about products and services available from Micro Focus. This link requires an Internet Connection.

Glossário de termos.

Explore the Glossary of Terms for a list of terms and definitions used in this suite of documents and white papers.

Comments or Feedback.

This document was created and is copyrighted and maintained by SimoTime Technologies.

If you have any questions, suggestions, comments or feedback please call or send an e-mail to: helpdesk@simotime.

We appreciate hearing from you.

Visão Geral da Empresa.

SIMOTIME Technologies was founded in 1987 and is a privately owned company. We specialize in the creation and deployment of business applications using new or existing technologies and services. We have a team of individuals that understand the broad range of technologies being used in today's environments. Our customers include small businesses using Internet technologies to corporations using very large mainframe systems.

Quite often, to reach larger markets or provide a higher level of service to existing customers it requires the newer Internet technologies to work in a complementary manner with existing corporate mainframe systems. We specialize in preparing applications and the associated data that are currently residing on a single platform to be distributed across a variety of platforms.

Preparing the application programs will require the transfer of source members that will be compiled and deployed on the target platform. The data will need to be transferred between the systems and may need to be converted and validated at various stages within the process. SIMOTIME has the technology, services and experience to assist in the application and data management tasks involved with doing business in a multi-system environment.

SINOPSE.

Writing.

De outros.

For specific examples, see the EXAMPLES sections below.

This documentation is displayed if exiftool is run without an input FILE when one is expected.

DESCRIÇÃO.

A command-line interface to Image::ExifTool, used for reading and writing meta information in a variety of file types. FILE is one or more source file names, directory names, or - for the standard input. Metadata is read from source files and printed in readable form to the console (or written to output text files with - w ).

To write or delete metadata, tag values are assigned using the - TAG =[ VALUE ] syntax, or the - geotag option. To copy or move metadata, the - tagsFromFile feature is used. By default the original files are preserved with _original appended to their names -- be sure to verify that the new files are OK before erasing the originals. Once in write mode, exiftool will ignore any read-specific options.

Note: If FILE is a directory name then only supported file types in the directory are processed (in write mode only writable types are processed). However, files may be specified by name, or the - ext option may be used to force processing of files with any extension. Hidden files in the directory are also processed. Adding the - r option causes subdirectories to be processed recursively, but those with names beginning with "." are skipped unless - r. é usado.

Below is a list of file types and meta information formats currently supported by ExifTool (r = read, w = write, c = create):

Case is not significant for any command-line option (including tag and group names), except for single-character options when the corresponding upper-case option exists. Many single-character options have equivalent long-name versions (shown in brackets), and some options have inverses which are invoked with a leading double-dash. Unrecognized options are interpreted as tag names (for this reason, multiple single-character options may NOT be combined into one argument). Contrary to standard practice, options may appear after source file names on the exiftool command line.

Option Summary.

Option Details.

Tag operations.

Extract information for the specified tag (eg. - CreateDate ). Multiple tags may be specified in a single command. A tag name is the handle by which a piece of information is referenced. See Image::ExifTool::TagNames for documentation on available tag names. A tag name may include leading group names separated by colons (eg. - EXIF:CreateDate , or - Doc1:XMP:Creator ), and each group name may be prefixed by a digit to specify family number (eg. -1IPTC:City ). Use the - listg option to list available group names by family.

A special tag name of All may be used to indicate all meta information (ie. - All ). This is particularly useful when a group name is specified to extract all information in a group (but beware that unless the - a option is also used, some tags in the group may be suppressed by same-named tags in other groups). The wildcard characters ? and * may be used in a tag name to match any single character and zero or more characters respectively. These may not be used in a group name, with the exception that a group name of * (or All ) may be used to extract all instances of a tag (as if - a was used). Note that arguments containing wildcards must be quoted on the command line of most systems to prevent shell globbing.

A # may be appended to the tag name to disable the print conversion on a per-tag basis (see the - n option). This may also be used when writing or copying tags.

If no tags are specified, all available information is extracted (as if - All had been specified).

Note: Descriptions, not tag names, are shown by default when extracting information. Use the - s option to see the tag names instead.

Exclude specified tag from extracted information. Same as the - x option. Group names and wildcards are permitted as described above for - TAG . Once excluded from the output, a tag may not be re-included by a subsequent option. May also be used following a - tagsFromFile option to exclude tags from being copied (when redirecting to another tag, it is the source tag that should be excluded), or to exclude groups from being deleted when deleting all information (eg. - all= --exif:all deletes all but EXIF information). But note that this will not exclude individual tags from a group delete (unless a family 2 group is specified, see note 4 below). Instead, individual tags may be recovered using the - tagsFromFile option (eg. - all= - tagsfromfile @ - artist ).

Write a new value for the specified tag (eg. - comment=wow ), or delete the tag if no VALUE is given (eg. - comment= ). += and -= are used to add or remove existing entries from a list, or to shift date/time values (see Image::ExifTool::Shift. pl and note 6 below for more details). += may also be used to increment numerical values (or decrement if VALUE is negative), and -= may be used to conditionally delete or replace a tag (see "WRITING EXAMPLES" for examples). ^= is used to write an empty string instead of deleting the tag when no VALUE is given, but otherwise it is equivalent to = .

TAG may contain one or more leading family 0, 1 or 2 group names, prefixed by optional family numbers, and separated colons. If no group name is specified, the tag is created in the preferred group, and updated in any other location where a same-named tag already exists. The preferred group is the first group in the following list where TAG is valid: 1) EXIF, 2) IPTC, 3) XMP.

The wildcards * and ? may be used in tag names to assign the same value to multiple tags. When specified with wildcards, "unsafe" tags are not written. A tag name of All is equivalent to * (except that it doesn't require quoting, while arguments with wildcards do on systems with shell globbing), and is often used when deleting all metadata (ie. - All= ) or an entire group (eg. - XMP-dc:All= , see note 4 below). Note that not all groups are deletable, and that the JPEG APP14 "Adobe" group is not removed by default with - All= because it may affect the appearance of the image. However, color space information is removed, so the colors may be affected (but this may be avoided by copying back the tags defined by the ColorSpaceTags shortcut). Use the - listd option for a complete list of deletable groups, and see note 5 below regarding the "APP" grupos. Also, within an image some groups may be contained within others, and these groups are removed if the containing group is deleted:

1) Many tag values may be assigned in a single command . If two assignments affect the same tag, the latter takes precedence (except for list-type tags, for which both values are written).

2) In general, MakerNotes tags are considered "Permanent", and may be edited but not created or deleted individually. This avoids many potential problems, including the inevitable compatibility problems with OEM software which may be very inflexible about the information it expects to find in the maker notes.

3) Changes to PDF files by ExifTool are reversible (by deleting the update with - PDF-update:all= ) because the original information is never actually deleted from the file. So ExifTool alone may not be used to securely edit metadata in PDF files.

4) Specifying - GROUP:all= deletes the entire group as a block only if a single family 0 or 1 group is specified. Otherwise all deletable tags in the specified group(s) are removed individually, and in this case is it possible to exclude individual tags from a mass delete. For example, - time:all --Exif:Time:All removes all deletable Time tags except those in the EXIF. This difference also applies if family 2 is specified when deleting all groups. For example, -2all:all= deletes tags individually, while - all:all= deletes entire blocks.

5) The "APP" group names ("APP0" through "APP15") are used to delete JPEG application segments which are not associated with another deletable group. For example, specifying - APP14:All= will NOT delete the APP14 "Adobe" segment because this is accomplished with - Adobe:All .

6) When shifting a value, the shift is applied to the original value of the tag, overriding any other values previously assigned to the tag on the same command line. To shift a date/time value and copy it to another tag in the same operation, use the - globalTimeShift option.

Special feature: Integer values may be specified in hexadecimal with a leading 0x , and simple rational values may be specified as fractions.

Set the value of a tag from the contents of file DATFILE . The file name may also be given by a FMT string where %d, %f and %e represent the directory, file name and extension of the original FILE (see the - w option for more details). Note that quotes are required around this argument to prevent shell redirection since it contains a < símbolo. If DATFILE / FMT is not provided, the effect is the same as - TAG= , and the tag is simply deleted. +<= or -<= may also be used to add or delete specific list entries, or to shift date/time values.

Copy tag values from SRCFILE to FILE . Tag names on the command line after this option specify the tags to be copied, or excluded from the copy. Wildcards are permitted in these tag names. If no tags are specified, then all possible tags (see note 1 below) from the source file are copied to same-named tags in the preferred location of the output file (the same as specifying - all ). More than one - tagsFromFile option may be used to copy tags from multiple files.

By default, this option will update any existing and writable same-named tags in the output FILE , but will create new tags only in their preferred groups. This allows some information to be automatically transferred to the appropriate group when copying between images of different formats. However, if a group name is specified for a tag then the information is written only to this group (unless redirected to another group, see below). If All is used as a group name, then the specified tag(s) are written to the same family 1 group they had in the source file (ie. the same specific location, like ExifIFD or XMP-dc). For example, the common operation of copying all writable tags to the same specific locations in the output FILE is achieved by adding - all:all . A different family may be specified by adding a leading family number to the group name (eg. -0all:all preserves the same general location, like EXIF or XMP).

SRCFILE may be the same as FILE to move information around within a single file. In this case, @ may be used to represent the source file (ie. - tagsFromFile @ ), permitting this feature to be used for batch processing multiple files. Specified tags are then copied from each file in turn as it is rewritten. For advanced batch use, the source file name may also be specified using a FMT string in which %d, %f and %e represent the directory, file name and extension of FILE . (eg. the current FILE would be represented by %d%f.%e , with the same effect as @ ). See the - w option for FMT string examples.

A powerful redirection feature allows a destination tag to be specified for each copied tag. With this feature, information may be written to a tag with a different name or group. This is done using "'- DSTTAG < SRCTAG '" or "'- SRCTAG > DSTTAG '" on the command line after - tagsFromFile , and causes the value of SRCTAG to be copied from SRCFILE and written to DSTTAG in FILE . Note that this argument must be quoted to prevent shell redirection, and there is no = sign as when assigning new values. Source and/or destination tags may be prefixed by a group name and/or suffixed by # . Wildcards are allowed in both the source and destination tag names. A destination group and/or tag name of All or * writes to the same family 1 group and/or tag name as the source. If no destination group is specified, the information is written to the preferred group. Whitespace around the > or < is ignored. As a convenience, - tagsFromFile @ is assumed for any redirected tags which are specified without a prior - tagsFromFile option. Copied tags may also be added or deleted from a list with arguments of the form "'- SRCTAG +< DSTTAG '" or "'- SRCTAG -< DSTTAG '".

An extension of the redirection feature allows strings involving tag names to be used on the right hand side of the < symbol with the syntax "'- DSTTAG < STR '", where tag names in STR are prefixed with a $ symbol. See the - p option and the "Advanced formatting feature" section for more details about this syntax. Strings starting with a = sign must insert a single space after the < to avoid confusion with the <= operator which sets the tag value from the contents of a file. A single space at the start of the string is removed if it exists, but all other whitespace in the string is preserved. See note 8 below about using the redirection feature with list-type stags, shortcuts or when using wildcards in tag names.

1) Some tags (generally tags which may affect the appearance of the image) are considered "unsafe" to write, and are only copied if specified explicitly (ie. no wildcards). See the tag name documentation for more details about "unsafe" Tag.

2) Be aware of the difference between excluding a tag from being copied (-- TAG ), and deleting a tag (- TAG =). Excluding a tag prevents it from being copied to the destination image, but deleting will remove a pre-existing tag from the image.

3) The maker note information is copied as a block, so it isn't affected like other information by subsequent tag assignments on the command line, and individual makernote tags may not be excluded from a block copy. Also, since the PreviewImage referenced from the maker notes may be rather large, it is not copied, and must be transferred separately if desired.

4) The order of operations is to copy all specified tags at the point of the - tagsFromFile option in the command line. Any tag assignment to the right of the - tagsFromFile option is made after all tags are copied. For example, new tag values are set in the order One, Two, Three then Four with this command:

This is significant in the case where an overlap exists between the copied and assigned tags because later operations may override earlier ones.

5) The normal behaviour of copied tags differs from that of assigned tags for list-type tags and conditional replacements because each copy operation on a tag overrides any previous operations. While this avoids duplicate list items when copying groups of tags from a file containing redundant information, it also prevents values of different tags from being copied into the same list when this is the intent. So a - addTagsFromFile option is provided which allows copying of multiple tags into the same list. eg)

Similarly, - addTagsFromFile must be used when conditionally replacing a tag to prevent overriding earlier conditions.

Other than these differences, the - tagsFromFile and - addTagsFromFile options are equivalent.

6) The - a option (allow duplicate tags) is always in effect when copying tags from SRCFILE .

7) Structured tags are copied by default when copying tags. See the - struct option for details.

8) With the redirection feature, copying a tag directly (ie. "'- DSTTAG < SRCTAG '") is not the same as interpolating its value inside a string (ie. "'- DSTTAG <$ SRCTAG '") for list-type tags, shortcut tags, or tag names containing wildcards. When copying directly, the values of each matching source tag are copied individually to the destination tag (as if they were separate assignments). However, when interpolated inside a string, list items and the values of shortcut tags are concatenated (with a separator set by the - sep option), and wildcards are not allowed. Also, UserParam variables are available only when interpolated in a string.

Exclude the specified tag. There may be multiple - x options. This has the same effect as -- TAG on the command line. See the -- TAG documentation above for a complete description.

Input-output text formatting.

Note that trailing spaces are removed from extracted values for most output text formats. The exceptions are - b , - csv , - j and - X .

Output information in the form of exiftool arguments, suitable for use with the -@ option when writing. May be combined with the - G option to include group names. This feature may be used to effectively copy tags between images, but allows the metadata to be altered by editing the intermediate file ( out. args in this example):

Note: Be careful when copying information with this technique since it is easy to write tags which are normally considered "unsafe". For instance, the FileName and Directory tags are excluded in the example above to avoid renaming and moving the destination file. Also note that the second command above will produce warning messages for any tags which are not writable.

As well, the - sep option should be used as in the second command above to maintain separate list items when writing metadata back to image files, and the - struct option may be used when extracting to preserve structured XMP information.

Output requested metadata in binary format without tag names or descriptions. This option is mainly used for extracting embedded images or other binary data, but it may also be useful for some text strings since control characters (such as newlines) are not replaced by '.' as they are in the default output. By default, list items are separated by a newline when extracted with the - b option, but this may be changed (see the - sep option for details). May be combined with - j , - php or - X to extract binary data in JSON, PHP or XML format.

Set the print format for GPS coordinates. FMT uses the same syntax as the printf format string. The specifiers correspond to degrees, minutes and seconds in that order, but minutes and seconds are optional. For example, the following table gives the output for the same coordinate using various formats:

1) To avoid loss of precision, the default coordinate format is different when copying tags using the - tagsFromFile option.

2) If the hemisphere is known, a reference direction (N, S, E or W) is appended to each printed coordinate, but adding a + to the format specifier (eg. %+.6f ) prints a signed coordinate instead.

3) This print formatting may be disabled with the - n option to extract coordinates as signed decimal degrees.

If TYPE is ExifTool or not specified, this option sets the ExifTool character encoding for output tag values when reading and input values when writing. The default ExifTool encoding is UTF8 . If no CHARSET is given, a list of available character sets is returned. Valid CHARSET values are:

TYPE may be FileName to specify the encoding of file names on the command line (ie. FILE arguments). In Windows, this triggers use of wide-character i/o routines, thus providing support for Unicode file names. See the "WINDOWS UNICODE FILE NAMES" section below for details.

Other values of TYPE listed below are used to specify the internal encoding of various meta information formats.

phil/exiftool/faq. html#Q10 for more information about coded character sets, and the Image::ExifTool Options for more details about the - charset settings.

Export information in CSV format, or import information if CSVFILE is specified. When importing, the CSV file must be in exactly the same format as the exported file. The first row of the CSVFILE must be the ExifTool tag names (with optional group names) for each column of the file, and values must be separated by commas. A special "SourceFile" column specifies the files associated with each row of information (and a SourceFile of "*" may be used to define default tags to be imported for all files which are combined with any tags specified for the specific SourceFile processed). The following examples demonstrate basic use of this option:

Empty values are ignored when importing (unless the - f option is used and the API MissingTagValue is set to an empty string, in which case the tag is deleted). Also, FileName and Directory columns are ignored if they exist (ie. ExifTool will not attempt to write these tags with a CSV import). To force a tag to be deleted, use the - f option and set the value to "-" in the CSV file (or to the MissingTagValue if this API option was used). Multiple databases may be imported in a single command.

When exporting a CSV file, the - g or - G option adds group names to the tag headings. If the - a option is used to allow duplicate tag names, the duplicate tags are only included in the CSV output if the column headings are unique. Adding the - G4 option ensures a unique column heading for each tag. When exporting specific tags, the CSV columns are arranged in the same order as the specified tags provided the column headings exactly match the specified tag names, otherwise the columns are sorted in alphabetical order.

When importing from a CSV file, only files specified on the command line are processed. Any extra entries in the CSV file are ignored.

List-type tags are stored as simple strings in a CSV file, but the - sep option may be used to split them back into separate items when importing.

Special feature: - csv += CSVFILE may be used to add items to existing lists. This affects only list-type tags. Also applies to the - j option.

Note that this option is fundamentally different than all other output format options because it requires information from all input files to be buffered in memory before the output is written. This may result in excessive memory usage when processing a very large number of files with a single command. Also, it makes this option incompatible with the - w option.

Set the format for date/time tag values. The FMT string may contain formatting codes beginning with a percent character ( % ) to represent the various components of a date/time value. The specifics of the FMT syntax are system dependent -- consult the strftime man page on your system for details. The default format is equivalent to "%Y:%m:%d %H:%M:%S". This option has no effect on date-only or time-only tags and ignores timezone information if present. Only one - d option may be used per command. Requires POSIX::strptime or Time::Piece for the inversion conversion when writing.

Show tag ID number in decimal when extracting information.

Escape characters in output values for HTML ( - E ) or XML ( - ex ). For HTML, all characters with Unicode code points above U+007F are escaped as well as the following 5 characters: & (&amp;) ' (&#39;) " (&quot;) > (&gt;) and < (&lt;). For XML, only these 5 characters are escaped. The - E option is implied with - h , and - ex is implied with - X . The inverse conversion is applied when writing tags.

Force printing of tags even if their values are not found. This option only applies when specific tags are requested on the command line (ie. not with wildcards or by - all ). With this option, a dash ( - ) is printed for the value of any missing tag, but the dash may be changed via the API MissingTagValue option. May also be used to add a 'flags' attribute to the - listx output, or to allow tags to be deleted when writing with the - csv = CSVFILE feature.

Organize output by tag group. NUM specifies a group family number, and may be 0 (general location), 1 (specific location), 2 (category), 3 (document number) or 4 (instance number). - g0 is assumed if a family number is not specified, and family numbers may be added wherever - g is mentioned in the documentation. Multiple families may be specified by separating them with colons. By default the resulting group name is simplified by removing any leading Main: and collapsing adjacent identical group names, but this can be avoided by placing a colon before the first family number (eg. - g:3:1 ). Use the - listg option to list group names for a specified family.

Same as - g but print group name for each tag. - G0 is assumed if NUM is not specified. May be combined with a number of other options to add group names to the output. Note that NUM may be added wherever - G is mentioned in the documentation. See the - g option above for details.

Use HTML table formatting for output. Implies the - E option. The formatting options - D , - H , - g , - G , - l and - s may be used in combination with - h to influence the HTML format.

Show tag ID number in hexadecimal when extracting information.

Generate a dynamic web page containing a hex dump of the EXIF information. This can be a very powerful tool for low-level analysis of EXIF information. The - htmlDump option is also invoked if the - v and - h options are used together. The verbose level controls the maximum length of the blocks dumped. An OFFSET may be given to specify the base for displayed offsets. If not provided, the EXIF/TIFF base offset is used. Use - htmlDump0 for absolute offsets. Currently only EXIF/TIFF and JPEG information is dumped, but the - u option can be used to give a raw hex dump of other file formats.

Use JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) formatting for console output, or import JSON file if JSONFILE is specified. This option may be combined with - g to organize the output into objects by group, or - G to add group names to each tag. List-type tags with multiple items are output as JSON arrays unless - sep is used. By default XMP structures are flattened into individual tags in the JSON output, but the original structure may be preserved with the - struct option (this also causes all list-type XMP tags to be output as JSON arrays, otherwise single-item lists would be output as simple strings). The - a option is implied if the - g or - G options are used, otherwise it is ignored and duplicate tags are suppressed. Adding the - D or - H option changes tag values to JSON objects with "val" and "id" fields, and adding - l adds a "desc" field, and a "num" field if the numerical value is different from the converted "val". The - b option may be added to output binary data, encoded in base64 if necessary (indicated by "base64:" as the first 7 bytes of the value), and - t may be added to include tag table information (see - t for details). The JSON output is UTF-8 regardless of any - L or - charset option setting, but the UTF-8 validation is disabled if a character set other than UTF-8 is specified.

If JSONFILE is specified, the file is imported and the tag definitions from the file are used to set tag values on a per-file basis. The special "SourceFile" entry in each JSON object associates the information with a specific target file. An object with a missing SourceFile or a SourceFile of "*" defines default tags for all target files which are combined with any tags specified for the specific SourceFile processed. The imported JSON file must have the same format as the exported JSON files with the exception that the - g option is not compatible with the import file format (use - G instead). Additionally, tag names in the input JSON file may be suffixed with a # to disable print conversion.

Unlike CSV import, empty values are not ignored, and will cause an empty value to be written if supported by the specific metadata type. Tags are deleted by using the - f option and setting the tag value to "-" (or to the MissingTagValue setting if this API option was used). Importing with - j += JSONFILE causes new values to be added to existing lists.

Use long 2-line Canon-style output format. Adds a description and unconverted value (if it is different from the converted value) to the XML, JSON or PHP output when - X , - j or - php is used. May also be combined with - listf , - listr or - listwf to add descriptions of the file types.

Use Windows Latin1 encoding (cp1252) for output tag values instead of the default UTF-8. When writing, - L specifies that input text values are Latin1 instead of UTF-8. Equivalent to - charset latin .

Set current language for tag descriptions and converted values. LANG is de , fr , ja , etc. Use - lang with no other arguments to get a list of available languages. The default language is en if - lang is not specified. Note that tag/group names are always English, independent of the - lang setting, and translation of warning/error messages has not yet been implemented. May also be combined with - listx to output descriptions in one language only.

By default, ExifTool uses UTF-8 encoding for special characters, but the the - L or - charset option may be used to invoke other encodings.

Currently, the language support is not complete, but users are welcome to help improve this by submitting their own translations. To submit a set of translations, first use the - listx option and redirect the output to a file to generate an XML tag database, then add entries for other languages, zip this file, and email it to phil at owl. phy. queensu. ca for inclusion in ExifTool.

Note: ExifTool uses Unicode::LineBreak if available to help preserve the column alignment of the plain text output for languages with a variable-width character set.

For list-type tags, this causes only the item with the specified index to be extracted. INDEX is 0 for the first item in the list. Negative indices may also be used to reference items from the end of the list. Has no effect on single-valued tags. Also applies to tag values when copying from a tag, and in - if conditions.

Disable print conversion for all tags. By default, extracted values are converted to a more human-readable format, but the - n option disables this conversion, revealing the machine-readable values. Por exemplo:

The print conversion may also be disabled on a per-tag basis by suffixing the tag name with a # character:

These techniques may also be used to disable the inverse print conversion when writing. For example, the following commands all have the same effect:

Print output in the format specified by the given file or string. Tag names in the format file or string begin with a $ symbol and may contain a leading group names and/or a trailing # . Case is not significant. Braces <> may be used around the tag name to separate it from subsequent text. Use $$ to represent a $ symbol, and $/ for a newline. Multiple - p options may be used, each contributing a line of text to the output. Lines beginning with #[HEAD] and #[TAIL] are output before the first processed file and after the last processed file respectively. Lines beginning with #[SECT] and #[ENDS] are output around each section of files. A section is defined as a group of consecutive files with the same section header (eg. files are grouped by directory if #[SECT] contains $directory ). Lines beginning with #[BODY] and lines not beginning with # are output for each processed file. Lines beginning with #[IF] are not output, but the BODY lines are skipped if any tag on an IF line doesn't exist. Other lines beginning with # are ignored. For example, this format file:

with this command:

produces output like this:

The values of List-type tags with multiple items and Shortcut tags representing multiple tags are joined according the the - sep option setting when interpolated in the string.

When - ee ( - extractEmbedded ) is combined with - p , embedded documents are effectively processed as separate input files.

If a specified tag does not exist, a minor warning is issued and the line with the missing tag is not printed. However, the - f option may be used to set the value of missing tags to '-' (but this may be configured via the MissingTagValue API option), or the - m option may be used to ignore minor warnings and leave the missing values empty.

The "Advanced formatting feature" may be used to modify the values of individual tags with the - p option.

Format output as a PHP Array. The - g , - G , - D , - H , - l , - sep and - struct options combine with - php , and duplicate tags are handled in the same way as with the - json option. As well, the - b option may be added to output binary data, and - t may be added to include tag table information (see - t for details). Here is a simple example showing how this could be used in a PHP script:

Short output format. Prints tag names instead of descriptions. Add NUM or up to 3 - s options for even shorter formats:

Also effective when combined with - t , - h , - X or - listx options.

Very short format. The same as - s2 or two - s options. Tag names are printed instead of descriptions, and no extra spaces are added to column-align values.

Specify separator string for items in list-type tags. When reading, the default is to join list items with ", ". When writing, this option causes values assigned to list-type tags to be split into individual items at each substring matching STR (otherwise they are not split by default). Space characters in STR match zero or more whitespace characters in the value.

Note that an empty separator ("") is allowed, and will join items with no separator when reading, or split the value into individual characters when writing.

For pure binary output ( - b used without - j , - php or - X ), the first - sep option specifies a list-item separator, and subsequent - sep options specify a terminator added to the end of the list (or after each value if not a list). In these strings, \n , \r and \t may be used to represent a newline, carriage return and tab respectively. By default, binary list items are separated by a newline, and no terminator is added.

Sort output by tag description, or by tag name if the - s option is used. When sorting by description, the sort order will depend on the - lang option setting. Without the - sort option, tags appear in the order they were specified on the command line, or if not specified, the order they were extracted from the file. By default, tags are organized by groups when combined with the - g or - G option, but this grouping may be disabled with --sort .

Output structured XMP information instead of flattening to individual tags. This option works well when combined with the XML ( - X ) and JSON ( - j ) output formats. For other output formats, XMP structures and lists are serialized into the same format as when writing structured information (see owl. phy. queensu. ca/

phil/exiftool/struct. html for details). When copying, structured tags are copied by default unless --struct is used to disable this feature (although flattened tags may still be copied by specifying them individually unless - struct is used). These options have no effect when assigning new values since both flattened and structured tags may always be used when writing.

Output a tab-delimited list of description/values (useful for database import). May be combined with - s to print tag names instead of descriptions, or - S to print tag values only, tab-delimited on a single line. The - t option may be combined with - j , - php or - X to add tag table information (table name , decimal tag id , and index for cases where multiple conditional tags exist with the same ID).

Output tag values in table form. Equivalent to - t - S - q - f .

Print verbose messages. NUM specifies the level of verbosity in the range 0-5, with higher numbers being more verbose. If NUM is not given, then each - v option increases the level of verbosity by 1. With any level greater than 0, most other options are ignored and normal console output is suppressed unless specific tags are extracted. Using - v0 causes the console output buffer to be flushed after each line (which may be useful to avoid delays when piping exiftool output), and prints the name of each processed file when writing. Also see the - progress option.

Write console output to files with names ending in EXT , one for each source file. The output file name is obtained by replacing the source file extension (including the '.') with the specified extension (and a '.' is added to the start of EXT if it doesn't already contain one). Alternatively, a FMT string may be used to give more control over the output file name and directory. In the format string, %d, %f and %e represent the directory, filename and extension of the source file, and %c represents a copy number which is automatically incremented if the file already exists. %d includes the trailing '/' if necessary, but %e does not include the leading '.'. Por exemplo:

Existing files will not be changed unless an exclamation point is added to the option name (ie. - w! or - textOut! ) to overwrite the file, or a plus sign (ie. - w+ or - textOut+ ) to append to the existing file. Both may be used (ie. - w+! or - textOut+! ) to overwrite output files that didn't exist before the command was run, and append the output from multiple source files. For example, to write one output file for all source files in each directory:

Capitalized format codes %D, %F, %E and %C provide slightly different alternatives to the lower case versions. %D does not include the trailing '/', %F is the full filename including extension, %E includes the leading '.', and %C increments the count for each processed file (see below).

1) In a Windows BAT file the % character is represented by %% , so an argument like %d%f. txt is written as %%d%%f. txt .

2) If the argument for - w does not contain a valid format code (eg. %f), then it is interpreted as a file extension. It is not possible to specify a simple filename as an argument -- creating a single output file from multiple source files is typically done by shell redirection, ie)

But if necessary, an empty format code may be used to force the argument to be interpreted as a format string, and the same result may be obtained without the use of shell redirection:

A substring of the original file name, directory or extension may be taken by specifying a field width immediately following the '%' character. If the width is negative, the substring is taken from the end. The substring position (characters to ignore at the start or end of the string) may be given by a second optional value after a decimal point. Por exemplo:

(Note that special characters may have a width of greater than one.)

For %d and %D, the field width/position specifiers may be applied to the directory levels instead of substring position by using a colon instead of a decimal point in the format specifier. Por exemplo:

(Note that the root directory counts as one level when an absolute path is used as in the last example above.)

For %c, these modifiers have a different effects. If a field width is given, the copy number is padded with zeros to the specified width. A leading '-' adds a dash before the copy number, and a '+' adds an underline. By default, the copy number is omitted from the first file of a given name, but this can be changed by adding a decimal point to the modifier. Por exemplo:

A special feature allows the copy number to be incremented for each processed file by using %C (upper case) instead of %c. This allows a sequential number to be added to output file names, even if the names are different. For %C, a copy number of zero is not omitted as it is with %c. The number before the decimal place gives the starting index, the number after the decimal place gives the field width. The following examples show the output filenames when used with the command exiftool rose. jpg star. jpg jet. jpg . :

All format codes may be modified by 'l' or 'u' to specify lower or upper case respectively (ie. %le for a lower case file extension). When used to modify %c or %C, the numbers are changed to an alphabetical base (see example H above). Also, %c and %C may be modified by 'n' to count using natural numbers starting from 1, instead of 0 (see example F above).

This same FMT syntax is used with the - o and - tagsFromFile options, although %c and %C are only valid for output file names.

This enhanced version of the - w option allows a separate output file to be created for each extracted tag. See the - w option documentation above for details of the basic functionality. Listed here are the differences between - W and - w :

1) With - W , a new output file is created for each extracted tag.

2) - W supports three additional format codes: %t, %g and %s represent the tag name, group name, and suggested extension for the output file (based on the format of the data). The %g code may be followed by a single digit to specify the group family number (eg. %g1), otherwise family 0 is assumed. The substring width/position/case specifiers may be used with these format codes in exactly the same way as with %f and %e.

3) The argument for - W is interpreted as a file name if it contains no format codes. (For - w , this would be a file extension.) This change allows a simple file name to be specified, which, when combined with the append feature, provides a method to write metadata from multiple source files to a single output file without the need for shell redirection.

4) Adding the - v option to - W generates a list of the tags and output file names instead of giving a verbose dump of the entire file. (Unless appending all output to one file for each source file by using - W+ with an output file FMT that does not contain %t, $g or %s.)

5) Individual list items are stored in separate files when - W is combined with - b , but note that for separate files to be created %c or %C must be used in FMT to give the files unique names.

This option is used to specify the type of output file(s) written by the - W option. An output file is written only if the suggested extension matches EXT . Multiple - Wext options may be used to write more than one type of file. Use --Wext to write all but the specified type(s).

Use ExifTool-specific RDF/XML formatting for console output. Implies the - a option, so duplicate tags are extracted. The formatting options - b , - D , - H , - l , - s , - sep , - struct and - t may be used in combination with - X to affect the output, but note that the tag ID ( - D , - H and - t ), binary data ( - b ) and structured output ( - struct ) options are not effective for the short output ( - s ). Another restriction of - s is that only one tag with a given group and name may appear in the output. Note that the tag ID options ( - D , - H and - t ) will produce non-standard RDF/XML unless the - l option is also used.

By default, - X outputs flattened tags, so - struct should be added if required to preserve XMP structures. List-type tags with multiple values are formatted as an RDF Bag, but they are combined into a single string when - s or - sep is used. Using - L changes the XML encoding from "UTF-8" to "windows-1252". Other - charset settings change the encoding only if there is a corresponding standard XML character set. The - b option causes binary data values to be written, encoded in base64 if necessary. The - t option adds tag table information to the output (see - t for details).

Note: This output is NOT the same as XMP because it uses dynamically-generated property names corresponding to the ExifTool tag names, and not the standard XMP properties. To write XMP instead, use the - o option with an XMP extension for the output file.

Processing control.

Allow ( - a ) or suppress ( --a ) duplicate tag names to be extracted. By default, duplicate tags are suppressed unless the - ee or - X options are used or the Duplicates option is enabled in the configuration file. This option also has an affect when writing to allow duplicate Warning messages to be shown.

Extract existing tags only -- don't calculate composite tags.

Extract information from embedded documents in EPS files, embedded EPS information and JPEG and Jpeg2000 images in PDF files, embedded MPF images in JPEG and MPO files, streaming metadata in AVCHD videos, and the resource fork of Mac OS files. Implies the - a option. Use - g3 or - G3 to identify the originating document for extracted information. Embedded documents containing sub-documents are indicated with dashes in the family 3 group name. (eg. Doc2-3 is the 3rd sub-document of the 2nd embedded document.) Note that this option may increase processing time substantially, especially for PDF files with many embedded images.

Process only files with ( - ext ) or without ( --ext ) a specified extension. There may be multiple - ext and --ext options. A plus sign may be added (ie. - ext+ ) to add the specified extension to the normally processed files. EXT may begin with a leading '.', which is ignored. Case is not significant. "*" may be used to process files with any extension (or none at all), as in the last three examples:

Using this option has two main advantages over specifying *. EXT on the command line: 1) It applies to files in subdirectories when combined with the - r option. 2) The - ext option is case-insensitive, which is useful when processing files on case-sensitive filesystems.

Note that all files specified on the command line will be processed regardless of extension unless the - ext option is used.

Fix the base for maker notes offsets. A common problem with some image editors is that offsets in the maker notes are not adjusted properly when the file is modified. This may cause the wrong values to be extracted for some maker note entries when reading the edited file. This option allows an integer OFFSET to be specified for adjusting the maker notes base offset. If no OFFSET is given, ExifTool takes its best guess at the correct base. Note that exiftool will automatically fix the offsets for images which store original offset information (eg. newer Canon models). Offsets are fixed permanently if - F is used when writing EXIF to an image. eg)

Increase speed of extracting information. With this option, ExifTool will not scan to the end of a JPEG image to check for an AFCP or PreviewImage trailer, or past the first comment in GIF images or the audio/video data in WAV/AVI files to search for additional metadata. These speed benefits are small when reading images directly from disk, but can be substantial if piping images through a network connection. For more substantial speed benefits, - fast2 also causes exiftool to avoid extracting any EXIF MakerNote information. - fast3 avoids processing the file entirely, and returns only an initial guess at FileType and the pseudo System tags. Has no effect when writing.

Set file processing order according to the sorted value of the specified TAG . For example, to process files in order of date:

Additional - fileOrder options may be added for secondary sort keys. Numbers are sorted numerically, and all other values are sorted alphabetically. The sort order may be reversed by prefixing the tag name with a - (eg. - fileOrder - createdate ). Print conversion of the sorted values is disabled with the - n option, or a # appended to the tag name. Other formatting options (eg. - d ) have no effect on the sorted values. Note that the - fileOrder option has a large performance impact since it involves an additional processing pass of each file.

Ignore specified directory name. DIR may be either an individual folder name, or a full path. If a full path is specified, it must match the Directory tag exactly to be ignored. Use multiple - i options to ignore more than one directory name. A special DIR value of SYMLINKS (case sensitive) may be specified to ignore symbolic links when the - r option is used.

Specify a condition to be evaluated before processing each FILE . EXPR is a Perl-like logic expression containing tag names prefixed by $ symbols. It is evaluated with the tags from each FILE in turn, and the file is processed only if the expression returns true. Unlike Perl variable names, tag names are not case sensitive and may contain a hyphen. As well, tag names may have a leading group names separated by colons, and/or a trailing # character to disable print conversion. The expression $GROUP:all evaluates to 1 if any tag exists in the specified GROUP , or 0 otherwise (see note 2 below). When multiple - if options are used, all conditions must be satisfied to process the file. Returns an exit status of 1 if all files fail the condition. Below are a few examples:

1) The - n and - b options also apply to tags used in EXPR .

2) Some binary data blocks are not extracted unless specified explicitly. These tags are not available for use in the - if condition unless they are also specified on the command line. The alternative is to use the $GROUP:all syntax. (eg. Use $exif:all instead of $exif in EXPR to test for the existence of EXIF tags.)

3) Tags in the string are interpolated the same way as with - p before the expression is evaluated. In this interpolation, $/ is converted to a newline and $$ represents a single $ symbol (so Perl variables, if used, require a double $ ).

4) The condition may only test tags from the file being processed. To process one file based on tags from another, two steps are required. For example, to process XMP sidecar files in directory DIR based on tags from the associated NEF:

5) The - a option has no effect on the evaluation of the expression, and the values of duplicate tags are accessible only by specifying a group name (such as a family 4 instance number, eg. $Copy1:TAG , $Copy2:TAG , etc).

6) A special "OK" UserParam is available to test the success of the previous command when - execute was used, and may be used like any other tag in the condition (ie. "$OK").

Ignore minor errors and warnings. This enables writing to files with minor errors and disables some validation checks which could result in minor warnings. Generally, minor errors/warnings indicate a problem which usually won't result in loss of metadata if ignored. However, there are exceptions, so ExifTool leaves it up to you to make the final decision. Minor errors and warnings are indicated by "[minor]" at the start of the message. Warnings which affect processing when ignored are indicated by "[Minor]" (with a capital "M").

Set the output file or directory name when writing information. Without this option, when any "real" tags are written the original file is renamed to FILE_original and output is written to FILE . When writing only FileName and/or Directory "pseudo" tags, - o causes the file to be copied instead of moved, but directories specified for either of these tags take precedence over that specified by the - o option.

OUTFILE may be - to write to stdout. The output file name may also be specified using a FMT string in which %d, %f and %e represent the directory, file name and extension of FILE . Also, %c may be used to add a copy number. See the - w option for FMT string examples.

The output file is taken to be a directory name if it already exists as a directory or if the name ends with '/'. Output directories are created if necessary. Existing files will not be overwritten. Combining the - overwrite_original option with - o causes the original source file to be erased after the output file is successfully written.

A special feature of this option allows the creation of certain types of files from scratch, or with the metadata from another type of file. The following file types may be created using this technique:

The output file type is determined by the extension of OUTFILE (specified as -.EXT when writing to stdout). The output file is then created from a combination of information in FILE (as if the - tagsFromFile option was used), and tag values assigned on the command line. If no FILE is specified, the output file may be created from scratch using only tags assigned on the command line.

Overwrite the original FILE (instead of preserving it by adding _original to the file name) when writing information to an image. Caution: This option should only be used if you already have separate backup copies of your image files. The overwrite is implemented by renaming a temporary file to replace the original. This deletes the original file and replaces it with the edited version in a single operation. When combined with - o , this option causes the original file to be deleted if the output file was successfully written (ie. the file is moved instead of copied).

Similar to - overwrite_original except that an extra step is added to allow the original file attributes to be preserved. For example, on a Mac this causes the original file creation date, type, creator, label color, icon, Finder tags, other extended attributes and hard links to the file to be preserved (but note that the Mac OS resource fork is always preserved unless specifically deleted with - rsrc:all= ). This is implemented by opening the original file in update mode and replacing its data with a copy of a temporary file before deleting the temporary. The extra step results in slower performance, so the - overwrite_original option should be used instead unless necessary.

Preserve the filesystem modification date/time ( FileModifyDate ) of the original file when writing. Note that some filesystems store a creation date (Windows FileCreateDate or Mac MDItemFSCreationDate ) which is not affected by this option. The creation date is preserved on Windows systems where Win32API::File and Win32::API are available regardless of this setting. For other systems, the - overwrite_original_in_place option may be used if necessary to preserve the creation date. This option is superseded by any value written to the FileModifyDate tag.

Specify password to allow processing of password-protected PDF documents. If a password is required but not given, a warning is issued and the document is not processed. This option is ignored if a password is not required.

Show the progress when processing files. The progress count appears in brackets after the name of each processed file, and gives the current file number and the total number of files to be processed. Implies the - v0 option if TITLE is not used, printing the name of each processed file when writing. When combined with the - if option, the total count includes all files before the condition is applied, but files that fail the condition will not have their names printed.

If followed by a colon (ie. - progress: ), the console window title is set according to the specified TITLE string. If no TITLE is given, a default TITLE string of "ExifTool %p%%" is assumed. In the string, %f represents the file name, %p is the progress as a percent, %r is the progress as a ratio, %##b is a progress bar of width "##" (20 characters if "##" is omitted), and %% is a % character. May be combined with the normal - progress option to also show the progress count in console messages. (Note: For this feature to function correctly on Mac/Linux, stderr must go to the console.)

Quiet processing. One - q suppresses normal informational messages, and a second - q suppresses warnings as well. Error messages can not be suppressed, although minor errors may be downgraded to warnings with the - m option, which may then be suppressed with - q - q .

Recursively process files in subdirectories. Only meaningful if FILE is a directory name. Subdirectories with names beginning with "." are not processed unless "." is added to the option name (ie. - r. or - recurse. ). By default, exiftool will also follow symbolic links to directories if supported by the system, but this may be disabled with - i SYMLINKS (see the - i option for details). Combine this with - ext options to control the types of files processed.

Scan all files (even unsupported formats) for XMP information unless found already. When combined with the - fast option, only unsupported file types are scanned. Warning: It can be time consuming to scan large files.

Extract values of unknown tags. Add another - u to also extract unknown information from binary data blocks. This option applies to tags with numerical tag ID's, and causes tag names like "Exif_0xc5d9" to be generated for unknown information. It has no effect on information types which have human-readable tag ID's (such as XMP), since unknown tags are extracted automatically from these formats.

Extract values of unknown tags as well as unknown information from some binary data blocks. This is the same as two - u options.

Set mode for writing/creating tags. MODE is a string of one or more characters from the list below. The default write mode is wcg .

For example, use - wm cg to only create new tags (and avoid editing existing ones).

The level of the group is the SubDirectory level in the metadata structure. For XMP or IPTC this is the full XMP/IPTC block (the family 0 group), but for EXIF this is the individual IFD (the family 1 group).

When reading, causes information to be extracted from. gz and. bz2 compressed images (only one image per archive; requires gzip and bzip2 to be available). When writing, causes compressed information to be written if supported by the metadata format (eg. compressed textual metadata in PNG), disables the recommended padding in embedded XMP (saving 2424 bytes when writing XMP in a file), and writes XMP in shorthand format -- the equivalent of setting the API Compress, Compact and XMPShorthand options to 1.

Outras opções.

Read command-line arguments from the specified file. The file contains one argument per line (NOT one option per line -- some options require additional arguments, and all arguments must be placed on separate lines). Blank lines and lines beginning with # are ignored. White space at the start of a line is removed. Normal shell processing of arguments is not performed, which among other things means that arguments should not be quoted and spaces are treated as any other character. ARGFILE may exist relative to either the current directory or the exiftool directory unless an absolute pathname is given.

For example, the following ARGFILE will set the value of Copyright to "Copyright YYYY, Phil Harvey", where "YYYY" is the year of CreateDate:

Arguments in ARGFILE behave exactly the same as if they were entered at the location of the -@ option on the command line, with the exception that the - config and - common_args options may not be used in an ARGFILE .

Pause with the message -- press any key -- or -- press RETURN -- (depending on your system) before terminating. This option is used to prevent the command window from closing when run as a Windows drag and drop application.

Print a list of all valid tag names ( - list ), all writable tag names ( - listw ), all supported file extensions ( - listf ), all recognized file extensions ( - listr ), all writable file extensions ( - listwf ), all tag groups [in a specified family] ( - listg [ NUM ]), all deletable tag groups ( - listd ), or an XML database of tag details including language translations ( - listx ). The - list , - listw and - listx options may be followed by an additional argument of the form - GROUP:All to list only tags in a specific group, where GROUP is one or more family 0-2 group names (excepting EXIF IFD groups) separated by colons. With - listg , NUM may be given to specify the group family, otherwise family 0 is assumed. The - l option may be combined with - listf , - listr or - listwf to add file descriptions to the list. The - lang option may be combined with - listx to output descriptions in a single language. Here are some examples:

When combined with - listx , the - s option shortens the output by omitting the descriptions and values (as in the last example above), and - f adds a 'flags' attribute if applicable. The flags are formatted as a comma-separated list of the following possible values: Avoid, Binary, List, Mandatory, Permanent, Protected, Unknown and Unsafe (see the Tag Name documentation). For XMP List tags, the list type (Alt, Bag or Seq) is added to the flags, and flattened structure tags are indicated by a Flattened flag.

Note that none of the - list options require an input FILE .

Print exiftool version number. The - v option may be added to print addition system information (see the README file of the full distribution for more details about optional libraries), or - v2 to also list the Perl include directories.

Características especiais.

Geotag images from the specified GPS track log file. Using the - geotag option is equivalent to writing a value to the Geotag tag. After the - geotag option has been specified, the value of the Geotime tag is written to define a date/time for the position interpolation. If Geotime is not specified, the value is copied from DateTimeOriginal# (the # is added to copy the unformatted value, avoiding potential conflicts with the - d option). For example, the following two commands are equivalent:

When the Geotime value is converted to UTC, the local system timezone is assumed unless the date/time value contains a timezone. Writing Geotime causes the following tags to be written (provided they can be calculated from the track log, and they are supported by the destination metadata format): GPSLatitude, GPSLatitudeRef, GPSLongitude, GPSLongitudeRef, GPSAltitude, GPSAltitudeRef, GPSDateStamp, GPSTimeStamp, GPSDateTime, GPSTrack, GPSTrackRef, GPSSpeed, GPSSpeedRef, GPSImgDirection, GPSImgDirectionRef, GPSPitch and GPSRoll. By default, tags are created in EXIF, and updated in XMP only if they already exist. However, EXIF:Geotime or XMP:Geotime may be specified to write only EXIF or XMP tags respectively. Note that GPSPitch and GPSRoll are non-standard, and require user-defined tags in order to be written.

The Geosync tag may be used to specify a time correction which is applied to each Geotime value for synchronization with GPS time. For example, the following command compensates for image times which are 1 minute and 20 seconds behind GPS:

Geosync must be set before Geotime (if specified) to be effective. Advanced Geosync features allow a linear time drift correction and synchronization from previously geotagged images. See "geotag. html" in the full ExifTool distribution for more information.

Multiple - geotag options may be used to concatenate GPS track log data. Also, a single - geotag option may be used to load multiple track log files by using wildcards in the TRKFILE name, but note that in this case TRKFILE must be quoted on most systems (with the notable exception of Windows) to prevent filename expansion. Por exemplo:

Currently supported track file formats are GPX, NMEA RMC/GGA/GLL, KML, IGC, Garmin XML and TCX, Magellan PMGNTRK, Honeywell PTNTHPR, Winplus Beacon text, and Bramor gEO log files. See "GEOTAGGING EXAMPLES" for examples. Also see "geotag. html" in the full ExifTool distribution and the Image::ExifTool Options for more details and for information about geotag configuration options.

Shift all formatted date/time values by the specified amount when reading. Does not apply to unformatted ( - n ) output. SHIFT takes the same form as the date/time shift when writing (see Image::ExifTool::Shift. pl for details), with a negative shift being indicated with a minus sign ( - ) at the start of the SHIFT string. Por exemplo:

Add features from specified plug-in MODULE . Currently, the MWG module is the only plug-in module distributed with exiftool. This module adds read/write support for tags as recommended by the Metadata Working Group. To save typing, - use MWG is assumed if the MWG group is specified for any tag on the command line. See the MWG Tags documentation for more details. Note that this option is not reversible, and remains in effect until the application terminates, even across the - execute option.

These utility options automate the maintenance of the _original files created by exiftool. They have no effect on files without an _original copy. The - restore_original option restores the specified files from their original copies by renaming the _original files to replace the edited versions. For example, the following command restores the originals of all JPG images in directory DIR :

The - delete_original option deletes the _original copies of all files specified on the command line. Without a trailing ! this option prompts for confirmation before continuing. For example, the following command deletes a. jpg_original if it exists, after asking "Are you sure?":

These options may not be used with other options to read or write tag values in the same command, but may be combined with options such - ext , - if , - r , - q and - v .

Advanced options.

Among other things, the advanced options allow complex processing to be performed from a single command without the need for additional scripting. This may be particularly useful for implementations such as Windows drag-and-drop applications. These options may also be used to improve performance in multi-pass processing by reducing the overhead required to load exiftool for each invocation.

Set ExifTool API option. OPT is an API option name. The option value is set to 1 if =VAL is omitted. If VAL is omitted, the option value is set to undef if = is used, or an empty string with ^= . See Image::ExifTool Options for a list of available API options. This overrides API options set via the config file.

Specifies that all arguments following this option are common to all executed commands when - execute is used. This and the - config option are the only options that may not be used inside a -@ ARGFILE . Note that by definition this option and its arguments MUST come after all other options on the command line.

Load specified configuration file instead of the default ".ExifTool_config". If used, this option must come before all other arguments on the command line and applies to all - execute 'd commands. The CFGFILE must exist relative to the current working directory or the exiftool application directory unless an absolute path is specified. Loading of the default config file may be disabled by setting CFGFILE to an empty string (ie. ""). See owl. phy. queensu. ca/

phil/exiftool/config. html and config_files/example. config in the full ExifTool distribution for details about the configuration file syntax.

Echo TEXT to stdout ( - echo or - echo1 ) or stderr ( - echo2 ). Text is output as the command line is parsed, before the processing of any input files. NUM may also be 3 or 4 to output text (to stdout or stderr respectively) after processing is complete.

Execute command for all arguments up to this point on the command line (plus any arguments specified by - common_args ). The result is as if the commands were executed as separate command lines (with the exception of the - config and - use options which remain in effect for subsequent commands). Allows multiple commands to be executed from a single command line. NUM is an optional number that is echoed in the " & quot; message when using the - stay_open feature.

Specify a different source file to be processed based on the name of the original FILE . This may be useful in some special situations for processing related preview images or sidecar files. See the - w option for a description of the FMT syntax. Note that file name FMT strings for all options are based on the original FILE specified from the command line, not the name of the source file specified by - srcfile .

For example, to copy metadata from NEF files to the corresponding JPG previews in a directory where other JPG images may exist:

If than one - srcfile option is specified, the files are tested in order and the first existing source file is processed. If none of the source files already exist, then exiftool uses the first - srcfile specified.

A FMT of @ may be used to represent the original FILE , which may be useful when specifying multiple - srcfile options (eg. to fall back to processing the original FILE if no sidecar exists).

If FLAG is 1 or True , causes exiftool keep reading from the -@ ARGFILE even after reaching the end of file. This feature allows calling applications to pre-load exiftool, thus avoiding the overhead of loading exiftool for each command. The procedure is as follows:

1) Execute exiftool - stay_open True -@ ARGFILE , where ARGFILE is the name of an existing (possibly empty) argument file or - to pipe arguments from the standard input.

2) Write exiftool command-line arguments to ARGFILE , one argument per line (see the -@ option for details).

3) Write - execute\n to ARGFILE , where \n represents a newline sequence. (Note: You may need to flush your write buffers here if using buffered output.) Exiftool will then execute the command with the arguments received up to this point, send a " & quot; message to stdout when done (unless the - q or - T option is used), and continue trying to read arguments for the next command from ARGFILE . To aid in command/response synchronization, any number appended to the - execute option is echoed in the " & quot; mensagem. For example, - execute613 results in " & quot ;.

4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 for each command.

5) Write - stay_open\nFalse\n to ARGFILE when done. This will cause exiftool to process any remaining command-line arguments then exit normally.

The input ARGFILE may be changed at any time before step 5 above by writing the following lines to the currently open ARGFILE :

This causes ARGFILE to be closed, and NEWARGFILE to be kept open. (Without the - stay_open here, exiftool would have returned to reading arguments from ARGFILE after reaching the end of NEWARGFILE .)

Note: When writing arguments to a disk file there is a delay of up to 0.01 seconds after writing - execute\n before exiftool starts processing the command. This delay may be avoided by sending a CONT signal to the exiftool process immediately after writing - execute\n . (There is no associated delay when writing arguments via a pipe with -@ - , so the signal is not necessary when using this technique.)

Set user parameter. PARAM is an arbitrary user parameter name. This is an interface to the API UserParam option (see the Image::ExifTool Options documentation), and provides a method to access user-defined parameters from inside tag name expressions (as if it were any other tag, see example below), and from PrintConv/ValueConv logic (via the ExifTool Options function). Similar to the - api option, the parameter value is set to 1 if =VAL is omitted, undef if just VAL is omitted and = is used, or an empty string if VAL is omitted and ^= is used.

Advanced formatting feature.

An advanced formatting feature allows modification of the value of any tag interpolated within a - if or - p option argument, or a - tagsFromFile redirection string. Tag names within these strings are prefixed by a $ symbol, and an arbitrary Perl expression may be applied to the tag value by placing braces around the tag name and inserting the expression after the name, separated by a semicolon (ie. $ ). The expression acts on the value of the tag through the default input variable ( $_ ), and has access to the full ExifTool API through the current ExifTool object ( $self ). It may contain any valid Perl code, including translation ( tr/// ) and substitution ( s/// ) operations, but note that braces within the expression must be balanced. The example below prints the camera Make with spaces translated to underlines, and multiple consecutive underlines replaced by a single underline:

A default expression of tr(/\\?*:|"<>\0)()d is assumed if the expression is empty (ie. $ ). This removes the characters / \ ? * : | & lt; & gt; and null from the printed value. (These characters are illegal in Windows file names, so this feature is useful if tag values are used in file names.)

ExifTool provides a DateFmt utility to simplify reformatting of individual date/time values. The function acts on a standard EXIF-formatted date/time value in $_ and formats it according to the specified format string (see the - d option). To avoid trying to reformat an already formatted date/time value, a # must be added to the tag name (as in the example below) if the - d option is also used. Por exemplo:

A NoDups utility is also provided to remove duplicate items from a list with a separator specified by the - sep option. This function is most useful when copying list-type tags. For example, the following command may be used to remove duplicate Keywords:

The - sep option is necessary to split the string back into individual list items when writing to a list-type tag.

An optional flag argument may be set to 1 to cause NoDups to return undef if no duplicates existed, thus preventing the file from being rewritten unnecessarily:

Note that function names are case sensitive.

WINDOWS UNICODE FILE NAMES.

In Windows, command-line arguments are specified using the current code page and are recoded automatically to the system code page. This recoding is not done for arguments in ExifTool arg files, so by default filenames in arg files use the system code page. Unfortunately, these code pages are not complete character sets, so not all file names may be represented.

ExifTool 9.79 and later allow the file name encoding to be specified with - charset filename=CHARSET , where CHARSET is the name of a valid ExifTool character set, preferably UTF8 (see the - charset option for a complete list). Setting this triggers the use of Windows wide-character i/o routines, thus providing support for all Unicode file names. But note that it is not trivial to pass properly encoded file names on the Windows command line (see owl. phy. queensu. ca/

phil/exiftool/faq. html#Q18 for details), so placing them in a UTF-8 encoded -@ argfile and using - charset filename=utf8 is recommended if possible.

A warning is issued if a specified filename contains special characters and the filename character set was not provided. However, the warning may be disabled by setting - charset filename="" , and ExifTool may still function correctly if the system code page matches the character set used for the file names.

When a directory name is provided, the file name encoding need not be specified (unless the directory name contains special characters), and ExifTool will automatically use wide-character routines to scan the directory.

The filename character set applies to the FILE arguments as well as filename arguments of -@ , - geotag , - o , - p , - srcfile , - tagsFromFile , - csv =, - j = and - TAG <=. However, it does not apply to the - config filename, which always uses the system character set. The - charset filename= option must come before the -@ option to be effective, but the order doesn't matter with respect to other options.

1) FileName and Directory tag values still use the same encoding as other tag values, and are converted to/from the filename character set when writing/reading if specified.

2) Unicode support is not yet implemented for other Windows-based systems like Cygwin.

3) See "WRITING READ-ONLY FILES" below for a note about editing read-only files with Unicode names.

WRITING READ-ONLY FILES.

In general, ExifTool may be used to write metadata to read-only files provided that the user has write permission in the directory. However, there are three cases where file write permission is also required:

1) When using the - overwrite_original_in_place option.

2) When writing only pseudo System tags (eg. FileModifyDate).

3) On Windows if the file has Unicode characters in its name, and a) the - overwrite_original option is used, or b) the _original backup already exists.

READING EXAMPLES.

Note : Beware when cutting and pasting these examples into your terminal! Some characters such as single and double quotes and hyphens may have been changed into similar-looking yet functionally-different characters by the text formatter used to display this documentation. Also note that Windows users must use double quotes instead of single quotes as below around arguments containing special characters.

exiftool - a - u - g1 a. jpg.

Print all meta information in an image, including duplicate and unknown tags, sorted by group (for family 1).

exiftool - common dir.

Print common meta information for all images in dir . - common is a shortcut tag representing common EXIF meta information.

exiftool - T - createdate - aperture - shutterspeed - iso dir > out. txt.

List specified meta information in tab-delimited column form for all images in dir to an output text file named "out. txt".

exiftool - s - ImageSize - ExposureTime b. jpg.

Print ImageSize and ExposureTime tag names and values.

exiftool - l - canon c. jpg d. jpg.

Print standard Canon information from two image files.

exiftool - r - w. txt - common pictures.

Recursively extract common meta information from files in pictures directory, writing text output to. txt files with the same names.

exiftool - b - ThumbnailImage image. jpg > thumbnail. jpg.

Save thumbnail image from image. jpg to a file called thumbnail. jpg .

exiftool - b - JpgFromRaw - w _JFR. JPG - ext NEF - r .

Recursively extract JPG image from all Nikon NEF files in the current directory, adding _JFR. JPG for the name of the output JPG files.

exiftool - a - b - W %d%f_%t%-c.%s - preview:all dir.

Extract all types of preview images (ThumbnailImage, PreviewImage, JpgFromRaw, etc.) from files in directory "dir", adding the tag name to the output preview image file names.

exiftool - d '%r %a, %B %e, %Y' - DateTimeOriginal - S - s - ext jpg .

Print formatted date/time for all JPG files in the current directory.

exiftool - IFD1:XResolution - IFD1:YResolution image. jpg.

Extract image resolution from EXIF IFD1 information (thumbnail image IFD).

exiftool '-*resolution*' image. jpg.

Extract all tags with names containing the word "Resolution" from an image.

exiftool - xmp:author:all - a image. jpg.

Extract all author-related XMP information from an image.

exiftool - xmp - b a. jpg > out. xmp.

Extract complete XMP data record intact from a. jpg and write it to out. xmp using the special XMP tag (see the Extra tags in Image::ExifTool::TagNames).

exiftool - p '$filename has date $dateTimeOriginal' - q - f dir.

Print one line of output containing the file name and DateTimeOriginal for each image in directory dir .

exiftool - ee - p '$gpslatitude, $gpslongitude, $gpstimestamp' a. m2ts.

Extract all GPS positions from an AVCHD video.

exiftool - icc_profile - b - w icc image. jpg.

Save complete ICC_Profile from an image to an output file with the same name and an extension of. icc .

exiftool - htmldump - w tmp/%f_%e. html t/images.

Generate HTML pages from a hex dump of EXIF information in all images from the t/images directory. The output HTML files are written to the tmp directory (which is created if it didn't exist), with names of the form 'FILENAME_EXT. html'.

exiftool - a - b - ee - embeddedimage - W Image_%.3g3.%s file. pdf.

Extract embedded JPG and JP2 images from a PDF file. The output images will have file names like "Image_#.jpg" or "Image_#.jp2", where "#" is the ExifTool family 3 embedded document number for the image.

WRITING EXAMPLES.

Note that quotes are necessary around arguments which contain certain special characters such as > , < or any white space. These quoting techniques are shell dependent, but the examples below will work for most Unix shells. With the Windows cmd shell however, double quotes should be used (eg. - Comment="This is a new comment").

exiftool - Comment='This is a new comment' dst. jpg.

Write new comment to a JPG image (replaces any existing comment).

exiftool - comment= - o newdir - ext jpg .

Remove comment from all JPG images in the current directory, writing the modified images to a new directory.

exiftool - keywords=EXIF - keywords=editor dst. jpg.

Replace existing keyword list with two new keywords ( EXIF and editor ).

exiftool - Keywords+=word - o newfile. jpg src. jpg.

Copy a source image to a new file, and add a keyword ( word ) to the current list of keywords.

exiftool - exposurecompensation+=-0.5 a. jpg.

Decrement the value of ExposureCompensation by 0.5 EV. Note that += with a negative value is used for decrementing because the -= operator is used for conditional deletion (see next example).

exiftool - credit-=xxx dir.

Delete Credit information from all files in a directory where the Credit value was xxx .

exiftool - xmp:description-de='k&uuml;hl' - E dst. jpg.

Write alternate language for XMP:Description, using HTML character escaping to input special characters.

exiftool - all= dst. jpg.

Delete all meta information from an image. Note: You should NOT do this to RAW images (except DNG) since proprietary RAW image formats often contain information in the makernotes that is necessary for converting the image.

exiftool - all= - comment='lonely' dst. jpg.

Delete all meta information from an image and add a comment back in. (Note that the order is important: - comment='lonely' - all= would also delete the new comment.)

exiftool - all= --jfif:all dst. jpg.

Delete all meta information except JFIF group from an image.

exiftool - Photoshop:All= dst. jpg.

Delete Photoshop meta information from an image (note that the Photoshop information also includes IPTC).

exiftool - r - XMP-crss:all= DIR.

Recursively delete all XMP-crss information from images in a directory.

exiftool '-ThumbnailImage<=thumb. jpg' dst. jpg.

Set the thumbnail image from specified file (Note: The quotes are necessary to prevent shell redirection).

exiftool '-JpgFromRaw<=%d%f_JFR. JPG' - ext NEF - r .

Recursively write JPEG images with filenames ending in _JFR. JPG to the JpgFromRaw tag of like-named files with extension. NEF in the current directory. (This is the inverse of the - JpgFromRaw command of the "READING EXAMPLES" section above.)

exiftool - DateTimeOriginal-='0:0:0 1:30:0' dir.

Adjust original date/time of all images in directory dir by subtracting one hour and 30 minutes. (This is equivalent to - DateTimeOriginal-=1.5 . See Image::ExifTool::Shift. pl for details.)

exiftool - createdate+=3 - modifydate+=3 a. jpg b. jpg.

Add 3 hours to the CreateDate and ModifyDate timestamps of two images.

exiftool - AllDates+=1:30 - if '$make eq "Canon"' dir.

Shift the values of DateTimeOriginal, CreateDate and ModifyDate forward by 1 hour and 30 minutes for all Canon images in a directory. (The AllDates tag is provided as a shortcut for these three tags, allowing them to be accessed via a single tag.)

exiftool - xmp:city=Kingston image1.jpg image2.nef.

Write a tag to the XMP group of two images. (Without the xmp: this tag would get written to the IPTC group since City exists in both, and IPTC is preferred by default.)

exiftool - LightSource-='Unknown (0)' dst. tiff.

Delete LightSource tag only if it is unknown with a value of 0.

exiftool - whitebalance-=auto - WhiteBalance=tung dst. jpg.

Set WhiteBalance to Tungsten only if it was previously Auto .

exiftool - comment-= - comment='new comment' a. jpg.

Write a new comment only if the image doesn't have one already.

exiftool - o %d%f. xmp dir.

Create XMP meta information data files for all images in dir .

exiftool - o test. xmp - owner=Phil - title='XMP File'

Create an XMP data file only from tags defined on the command line.

exiftool '-ICC_Profile<=%d%f. icc' image. jpg.

Write ICC_Profile to an image from a. icc file of the same name.

Write structured XMP information. See owl. phy. queensu. ca/

phil/exiftool/struct. html for more details.

exiftool - trailer:all= image. jpg.

Delete any trailer found after the end of image (EOI) in a JPEG file. A number of digital cameras store a large PreviewImage after the JPEG EOI, and the file size may be reduced significantly by deleting this trailer. See the JPEG Tags documentation for a list of recognized JPEG trailers.

COPYING EXAMPLES.

These examples demonstrate the ability to copy tag values between files.

exiftool - tagsFromFile src. cr2 dst. jpg.

Copy the values of all writable tags from src. cr2 to dst. jpg , writing the information to same-named tags in the preferred groups.

exiftool - TagsFromFile src. jpg - all:all dst. jpg.

Copy the values of all writable tags from src. jpg to dst. jpg , preserving the original tag groups.

exiftool - all= - tagsfromfile src. jpg - exif:all dst. jpg.

Erase all meta information from dst. jpg image, then copy EXIF tags from src. jpg .

exiftool - exif:all= - tagsfromfile @ - all:all - unsafe bad. jpg.

Rebuild all EXIF meta information from scratch in an image. This technique can be used in JPEG images to repair corrupted EXIF information which otherwise could not be written due to errors. The Unsafe tag is a shortcut for unsafe EXIF tags in JPEG images which are not normally copied. See the tag name documentation for more details about unsafe tags.

exiftool - Tagsfromfile a. jpg out. xmp.

Copy meta information from a. jpg to an XMP data file. If the XMP data file out. xmp already exists, it will be updated with the new information. Otherwise the XMP data file will be created. Only metadata-only files may be created like this (files containing images may be edited but not created). See "WRITING EXAMPLES" above for another technique to generate XMP files.

exiftool - tagsFromFile a. jpg - XMP:All= - ThumbnailImage= - m b. jpg.

Copy all meta information from a. jpg to b. jpg , deleting all XMP information and the thumbnail image from the destination.

exiftool - TagsFromFile src. jpg - title - author=Phil dst. jpg.

Copy title from one image to another and set a new author name.

exiftool - TagsFromFile a. jpg - ISO - TagsFromFile b. jpg - comment dst. jpg.

Copy ISO from one image and Comment from another image to a destination image.

exiftool - tagsfromfile src. jpg - exif:all --subifd:all dst. jpg.

Copy only the EXIF information from one image to another, excluding SubIFD tags.

exiftool '-FileModifyDate<DateTimeOriginal' dir.

Use the original date from the meta information to set the same file's filesystem modification date for all images in a directory. (Note that - TagsFromFile @ is assumed if no other - TagsFromFile is specified when redirecting information as in this example.)

exiftool - TagsFromFile src. jpg '-xmp:all<all' dst. jpg.

Copy all possible information from src. jpg and write in XMP format to dst. jpg .

Set the image Description from the file name after removing the extension. This example uses the "Advanced formatting feature" to perform a substitution operation to remove the last dot and subsequent characters from the file name.

exiftool -@ iptc2xmp. args - iptc:all= a. jpg.

Translate IPTC information to XMP with appropriate tag name conversions, and delete the original IPTC information from an image. This example uses iptc2xmp. args, which is a file included with the ExifTool distribution that contains the required arguments to convert IPTC information to XMP format. Also included with the distribution are xmp2iptc. args (which performs the inverse conversion) and a few more. args files for other conversions between EXIF, IPTC and XMP.

exiftool - tagsfromfile %d%f. CR2 - r - ext JPG dir.

Recursively rewrite all JPG images in dir with information copied from the corresponding CR2 images in the same directories.

exiftool '-keywords+<make' image. jpg.

Add camera make to list of keywords.

Set the Comment tag of all images in dir from the values of the EXIF:ISO and ShutterSpeed tags. The resulting comment will be in the form "ISO=100 Exposure=1/60".

exiftool - TagsFromFile src. jpg - icc_profile dst. jpg.

Copy ICC_Profile from one image to another.

exiftool - TagsFromFile src. jpg - all:all dst. mie.

Copy all meta information in its original form from a JPEG image to a MIE file. The MIE file will be created if it doesn't exist. This technique can be used to store the metadata of an image so it can be inserted back into the image (with the inverse command) later in a workflow.

exiftool - o dst. mie - all:all src. jpg.

This command performs exactly the same task as the command above, except that the - o option will not write to an output file that already exists.

exiftool - b - jpgfromraw - w %d%f_%ue. jpg - execute - b - previewimage - w %d%f_%ue. jpg - execute - tagsfromfile @ - srcfile %d%f_%ue. jpg - overwrite_original - common_args --ext jpg DIR.

[Advanced] Extract JpgFromRaw or PreviewImage from all but JPG files in DIR, saving them with file names like image_EXT. jpg , then add all meta information from the original files to the extracted images. Here, the command line is broken into three sections (separated by - execute options), and each is executed as if it were a separate command. The - common_args option causes the --ext jpg DIR arguments to be applied to all three commands, and the - srcfile option allows the extracted JPG image to be the source file for the third command (whereas the RAW files are the source files for the other two commands).

RENAMING EXAMPLES.

By writing the FileName and Directory tags, files are renamed and/or moved to new directories. This can be particularly useful and powerful for organizing files by date when combined with the - d option. New directories are created as necessary, but existing files will not be overwritten. The format codes %d, %f and %e may be used in the new file name to represent the directory, name and extension of the original file, and %c may be used to add a copy number if the file already exists (see the - w option for details). Note that if used within a date format string, an extra '%' must be added to pass these codes through the date/time parser. (And further note that in a Windows batch file, all '%' characters must also be escaped, so in this extreme case '%%%%f' is necessary to pass a simple '%f' through the two levels of parsing.) See owl. phy. queensu. ca/

phil/exiftool/filename. html for additional documentation and examples.

exiftool - filename=new. jpg dir/old. jpg.

Rename old. jpg to new. jpg in directory dir .

exiftool - directory=%e dir.

Move all files from directory dir into directories named by the original file extensions.

exiftool '-Directory<DateTimeOriginal' - d %Y/%m/%d dir.

Move all files in dir into a directory hierarchy based on year, month and day of DateTimeOriginal . eg) This command would move the file dir/image. jpg with a DateTimeOriginal of 2005:10:12 16:05:56 to 2005/10/12/image. jpg .

exiftool - o . '-Directory<DateTimeOriginal' - d %Y/%m/%d dir.

Same effect as above except files are copied instead of moved.

Rename all files in dir by adding the camera model name to the file name. The semicolon after the tag name inside the braces causes characters which are invalid in Windows file names to be deleted from the tag value (see the "Advanced formatting feature" for an explanation).

exiftool '-FileName<CreateDate' - d %Y%m%d_%H%M%S%%-c.%%e dir.

Rename all images in dir according to the CreateDate date and time, adding a copy number with leading '-' if the file already exists ( %-c ), and preserving the original file extension ( %e ). Note the extra '%' necessary to escape the filename codes ( %c and %e ) in the date format string.

exiftool - r '-FileName<CreateDate' - d %Y-%m-%d/%H%M_%%f.%%e dir.

Both the directory and the filename may be changed together via the FileName tag if the new FileName contains a '/'. The example above recursively renames all images in a directory by adding a CreateDate timestamp to the start of the filename, then moves them into new directories named by date.

exiftool '-FileName<$ _$filenumber. jpg' - d %Y%m%d - ext jpg .

Set the filename of all JPG images in the current directory from the CreateDate and FileNumber tags, in the form "20060507_118-1861.jpg".

GEOTAGGING EXAMPLES.

ExifTool implements geotagging via 3 special tags: Geotag (which for convenience is also implemented as an exiftool option), Geosync and Geotime. The examples below highlight some geotagging features. See owl. phy. queensu. ca/

phil/exiftool/geotag. html for additional documentation.

exiftool - geotag track. log a. jpg.

Geotag an image ( a. jpg ) from position information in a GPS track log ( track. log ). Since the Geotime tag is not specified, the value of DateTimeOriginal is used for geotagging. Local system time is assumed unless DateTimeOriginal contains a timezone.

exiftool - geotag t. log - geotime='2009:04:02 13:41:12-05:00' a. jpg.

Geotag an image with the GPS position for a specific time.

exiftool - geotag log. gpx '-xmp:geotime<createdate' dir.

Geotag all images in directory dir with XMP tags instead of EXIF tags, based on the image CreateDate.

exiftool - geotag a. log - geosync=-20 dir.

Geotag images in directory dir , accounting for image timestamps which were 20 seconds ahead of GPS.

exiftool - geotag a. log - geosync=1.jpg - geosync=2.jpg dir.

Geotag images using time synchronization from two previously geotagged images (1.jpg and 2.jpg), synchronizing the image and GPS times using a linear time drift correction.

Geotag images in dir using CreateDate with the specified timezone. If CreateDate already contained a timezone, then the timezone specified on the command line is ignored.

exiftool - geotag= a. jpg.

Delete GPS tags which may have been added by the geotag feature. Note that this does not remove all GPS tags -- to do this instead use - gps:all= .

exiftool - xmp:geotag= a. jpg.

Delete XMP GPS tags which were added by the geotag feature.

exiftool - xmp:geotag=track. log a. jpg.

Geotag an image with XMP tags, using the time from DateTimeOriginal.

exiftool - geotag a. log - geotag b. log - r dir.

Combine multiple track logs and geotag an entire directory tree of images.

exiftool - geotag 'tracks/*.log' - r dir.

Read all track logs from the tracks directory.

exiftool - p gpx. fmt - d %Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ dir > out. gpx.

Generate a GPX track log from all images in directory dir . This example uses the gpx. fmt file included in the full ExifTool distribution package and assumes that the images in dir have all been previously geotagged.

PIPING EXAMPLES.

Extract information from stdin.

exiftool image. jpg - thumbnailimage - b | exiftool -

Extract information from an embedded thumbnail image.

cat a. jpg | exiftool - iptc:keywords+=fantastic - > b. jpg.

Add an IPTC keyword in a pipeline, saving output to a new file.

curl - s a. domain/bigfile. jpg | exiftool - fast -

Extract information from an image over the internet using the cURL utility. The - fast option prevents exiftool from scanning for trailer information, so only the meta information header is transferred.

exiftool a. jpg - thumbnailimage - b | exiftool - comment=wow - | exiftool a. jpg - thumbnailimage'<=-'

Add a comment to an embedded thumbnail image. (Why anyone would want to do this I don't know, but I've included this as an example to illustrate the flexibility of ExifTool.)

EXIT STATUS.

The exiftool application exits with a status of 0 on success, or 1 if an error occurred, or 2 if all files failed the - if condition (for any of the commands if - execute was used).

Copyright 2003-2018, Phil Harvey.

This is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.

24Option.

Revisão 24Option.

Founded back in 2009, 24Option is owned by Rodeler Ltd, a company operating under Cyprus Securities Exchange Commission (CySEC) license number 207/13. The company’s registered office is located in Limassol, Cyprus CY-4103 at 39 Kolonakiou Street, FREMA PLAZA, First Floor, Ayios Athanasios. On top of the CySEC license, 24Option (Rodeler Ltd) is also registered with the British Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) since 04/12/2013 and Rodeler BaFin in Germany.

Outside the European Economic Area, the services of 24Option (24option) are offered by Richfield Capital Limited, a company that belongs to the same group as Rodeler Limited and is regulated by The International Financial Services Commission Of Belize (number IFSC/60/440/TS/15-16).

24Option é um embuste?

24Option is NOT a scam. 24Option was regulated back in 2013 by the Cyprus Securities and Investments Commission (CySEC). That means that the company takes measures to safeguard clients’ fundos. This 24Option review will re-assure you that 24Option is not only a trusted broker but also a broker that definitely doesn’t suck!

Editor’s Note - Why 24Option DOESN’T Suck in 50 Words?

Some brokers are just a Scam, some just Suck. 24Option is a member of the exclusive list of brokers considered to be highly respected and truly inspiring. Thanks to CySEC regulation we can revoke any suspicion of a scam by 24Option and an attractive easy-to-use trading platform with an excellent customer service makes 24Option a user-friendly prime and trusted broker. After so many years in the industry, we can safely say they proved their worth and had become a regulated partner for traders and investors all over the world.

Update 2018: 24Option now offers a proprietary platform called Scipio (read more below) and have introduced the new Contracts for Difference (CFD) trading. These are great new changes and 2 extra reasons why 24Option Doesn’t Suck. TechFinancials is a great platform, but we like to see brokers take total control of their business.

Why does 24Option Suck in 50 Words?

The first issue that comes to mind is bad news for US customers; 24Option no longer serve US clients due to Regulation in the EU. Funny how good news to EU consumers is less good for US customers. Other than that, what sucks are the fees. The one I dislike the most is the dormant account fee. If you are inactive for more than two months, they begin to charge you 80€/month (or in equivalent currency) and 120€ after 3 months and more after that. This means that you really need to be ready to trade before you decide to deposit.

Should I Open an Account with 24Option?

Since their launch, 24Option’s innovative, fully web-based platform kept on growing slowly but smartly, providing investors with the proper and simplest tools needed to trade options: great user-interface, the trading process is easy to understand, and the live candlestick/line/Ohlc charts are available by clicking on the underlying asset. These great features and a vast number of assets of 24Option made this company one of the best brokers out there for trading Cryptocurrencies, FX and CFD’s. 24Option has improved since they were founded, the platform has been re-designed, the number of underlying assets has increased and stayed up to date seems to be their ambition.

The new platform is called Scipio but don’t worry if you prefer to use MetaTrader 4 because this feature is available too! This way, you get access to all the indicators and tools, whether standard or your own custom indicators and templates.

24Option is an official partner of Juventus Football Club, and this adds to their credibility and high profile. Yea, 24Option is a top shelf well-respected broker, but additional confirmation never hurts so if you’re a soccer fan and love trading, you’re in for a treat.

Their excellent customer service makes 24Option a warmer home to Options traders, not to mention the regulation, which is a great feature on its own. To start trading, clients must deposit the minimum amount of 100$, and the maximum amount varies through the different account types.

Trading CFDs with 24Option.

Recently we see a new trend emerging: CFD trading. 24option successfully leads the way in CFDs, offering a well-organized and professional web platform, tailor-made for this way of trading. The central principle behind CFD trading is similar to Binary Options (you still have to be right about direction), but a notable difference is that once you’ve decided on a direction and an investment amount, you can keep your trade open as long as you want or close it whenever you choose to.

Staying true to their position as a market leading broker, 24Option is first to introduce Meta Trader 4 (MT4) as a platform for trading FX and CFDs. Of course, if you consider MT4 too complicated, you still have the option to trade on the Scipio web platform but who would pass on the opportunity to use tens of technical indicators and one of the most advanced charting packages for free.

24Option Broker Complaints.

Binaryoptionsthatsuck research for you! We’re looking for broker’s complaints all over the web, checking them out and bringing the results to our readers. What we did is simple – we searched on Google for 24option complaints or 24options fraud, scams, Etc. You can try it also. It’s unbelievable, but we couldn’t find even one real complaint about 24option.

Here’s what we found: First and foremost, there’s an active discussion concerning 24Option in the comments section, Complaint, and Reviews Center and Forum. Every complaint we receive is being checked and monitored by the team and I. overall; I feel most negative feedback’s addressing issues in withdrawal are not bona fide. It’s a typical reaction comes from either angry or frustrated traders, but doesn’t reflect the truth. The company resolves most honest complaints, so I think it’s fair to say I don’t see major issues here.

As of late, we’ve seen users complain that French and Japanese customers are not accepted anymore. This is due to regulation in those respective countries, and it’s a positive thing that 24Option chooses to respect the legislation (we’ve seen brokers that continue to offer their services without proper authorization, and this only taints their name).

24Option Regulatory Announcements and Warnings.

29/07/2016: French regulator Autorite des Marches Financiers (AMF) banned 24Option from operating in France. The authority stated that “In this case, it appeared that the Rodeler Limited provider did not comply, in France, with some of its obligations of providing correct information, as well as acting fairly and honestly, in the best interest of its customers, to the detriment of investors residing or established in France”. See warning – AMF;

24Bônus de Opção.

Rodeler LTD has always been a company that took regulation seriously and tried to comply with all the rules imposed by its regulator, CySEC. Staying true to that way of doing things and following CySEC’s disapproval of trading Bonuses, clearly expressed through Circular C168 (30/11/2016) and Circular C194 (16/03/2017), the Management of Rodeler LTD has decided to terminate the offering of Bonuses and other trading benefits completely.

24Option Withdrawal.

Most sites will tell you how to deposit. At binaryoptionsthatsuck we are not worried about that because that’s always easy; here we care about possibly the most important part of trading – Withdrawing your profits. Brokers don’t usually cause problems when you want to deposit money, but some options brokers will cause problems when you want to withdraw.

At 24Option there is no maximum limit on the amount that you can withdraw (some brokers do limit!) and the minimum is 10 USD (very low). The company proceeds with the withdrawals requests without any undue delay. VIP-accounts don’t pay any fees for withdrawals which is amazing! Just remember that you need to send proper documents due to the regulation before you request your money to be transferred to your account.

24Option Extras.

Some traders are looking for the extras in each broker, here at BOTS we try to think different. This section is about what’s different in 24Option, what makes 24Option different then other brokers.

The Extra’s that we liked the most in 24options are the:

5 hour videos – Education is important! 24 options is brining you videos that every beginner will love! Free webinars, trade with a pro! Highest Limits (withdrawal) – Very important factor that some traders are not aware of, at 24options you will find the highest limits. Longevity and trust. This is now one of the biggest brokers in the world but also one of the oldest and most trusted. Free signal package available on the trading platform. New Addition: CFD trading! New Addition: Meta Trader 4! New Addition: Bitcoin and Altcoins trading!

Trading Bitcoin With 24Option.

This brokerage has been at the top of the industry almost from the very beginning and they’ve managed to do that by constantly improving, going with the prevailing trend and listening to their clients. Now the clients have spoken again: they want to trade Bitcoin. This is the new trend and 24Option is happy to oblige by offering not only Bitcoin but also a ton of other crypto currencies (also known as Altcoins).

Since recently, you can trade Bitcoin, Dash, Ethereum, Ripple, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum Classic and more on 24Options’ CFD platform. These crypto currencies can be traded against the US Dollar but also against the Pound and Euro, with reasonable spreads and fast execution times. Leverage is also available, just make sure you understand it because Bitcoin is a volatile asset, meaning it has the potential to have a high reward but also a high risk.

24Option Ratings.

24Option now offers their proprietary platform, Scipio, completely web-based and incredibly intuitive. Users can quickly switch between Cryptocurrency trading, FX/CFD trading and from our tests we’ve noticed a substantial increase in speed of opening and closing trades. Overall it’s an improvement that adds more functionality and value. 24Option website appearance was and remains by far the best I’ve seen and is available in no less than 12 different languages including English, German, Spanish, Arabic and much more. You can also use MetaTrader 4 to trade which is one of the most popular trading platforms.

NRange Of Markets, Spreads And Leverage 18/20.

Total of 131 underlying assets: 61 stocks, 34 currency pairs, 11 commodities, 25 indices. 24Option variety of underlying assets is vast. The leverage for Bitcoin trading on CFD’s is 1:5 and the spread is floating for the cryptocurrency trading in general. For Stocks, the leverage is 1:10 and 1:13 for commodities and indices. For Forex trading, the leverage can go as high as 1:50 but depending on your knowledge you may be able to ask for an increase to 1:100. The spreads vary from asset to asset but also depending on time of the day and are higher for exotic pairs.

Their CFD offering is formed of 132 stocks, 42 currency pairs, 13 commodities and 18 indices, which is a huge basket that I am sure will satisfy even the most “fussy” trader.

24Option don’t charge any commissions from investors. 24Option support is available via 21 international numbers - in English, French, Italian and Spanish and more or via email. The live chat service was rapid and polite.

There are different fees that are applied for different reasons. First one is the monthly maintenance fee of 10 Euros unless you are at least a Silver account holder or above. Second fee is the dormant account fee which is charged for inactivity of over a period of 2 months. This fee increases the longer you are inactive and can reach up to 200 Euros per month. Withdrawal fees for C. C are 3.5% and between 0.9-3.5 for Ewallets. Wire transfer costs 30USD or the equivalent amount in other currencies. Another fee of 50 Euros is applied if you decide to withdraw after not placing more than 1 trade.

Deposits and Withdrawals 18/20.

24Option Minimum deposit is average – 250$/250€/£250. Deposit is available via C. C., Wire transfer, Cash-U, MoneyBookers and much more. Withdrawals are available via the same methods, with a minimum of 100$ for wire withdrawals. The minimum withdrawal amount is otherwise 10USD.

The 24option innovative platform features some new extras and now also includes inside platform signals. The signals vary in strength and suggest the direction that the underlying asset is likely to take but expiry time is up to the trader to decide.

24Option Overall Rating: 89 + Regulation Factor (+3) = 92/100.

*Trading Options and/or CFDs involves significant risk of loss. CFDs are leveraged and thus losses may exceed invested amount.

Ei! thanks very much for the info. i actually startes trading before i saw this blog, gotte agree with every word.

My ciosun suggested this website and she was completely right preserve up the superb show good results!

Eu tive muita sorte. I found the best website for me After a long investigation. Thanks you binaryoptionsthatsuck.

Really a very good broker …Impressive & most important , they are honest!

Has anyone withdrew from 24Option and if so how much?

There platform is great and customer service extraordinary but how about withdrawal.

I LOVE THE INFO YOU GUYS GIVE THANKS BINARYOPTIONSSUCKS.

hey guys you are doing a good job….i mean to say beginners in trading like me are highly influenced through your blog which is fantastic…i love this blog because it shows us a right direction of trading and not a scam way. thank you very much guys i am impressed very much with this blog!!

I’ve been dealing with 24 options for the las 4 months. I could say I had a good experience with them. my initial deposit was 2500$ after not touching my money for three weeks, I withdrew $1300 from it, it took like a week but because It was the first withdraw. excelente. besides I have an account manager who gives me tips on managing my account, and tips on how to enhance my acc. very happy 10/10. recomendado. boa sorte.

So blessed I found your site (through Google). Was thinking of going with Global Option since it has been recommended by someone advertising the binary option system. Now I’m considering 24option. Again, thank you for your service.

Thanks, i nearly got involved with another nameless company that i would have probably lost my shirt with. Looking forward to reporting my good news.

ok just wanted to make sure all these comments are legit, so I thought i’d comment myself just to make sure the comment box really works :P.

Sounds too good to be good. Have to try it although heard some bad stuff also about them.

Thank you for a great report,

will be joining 24Option shortly. Will be reporting back.

Kewl you should come up with that. Excellnet!

Obrigado pela informação. I have been trying to figure out which broker to go with. Obrigado pela ajuda!

Glad I came up on this site while doing my research to find a reputable Binary Options broker. You guys are do great work!!

I will sign up with 24Option, I only hope that as a US citizen, I will be able to trade currencies. Some Binary Options brokers won’t allow US Citizens to trade currencies.

Hi guys, has anyone made profit and withdrawn from this company. This is the MOST important thing for me, after reading reveiws and some shocking feedback on you tube, choosing the right broker is the key. Gret website :)

O mesmo aqui. Would be interested to hear from serious traders. Has anyone has been successful withdrawing funds after few months of trading at 24options? Any genuine success stories would be good to hear. All I’ve come across so far is not all that reassuring. Lots and lots of marketing info but no success stories so far. Need some certainty that I can trust this broker. They’ve only been in business 2 years. How can I be certain they will be around in another 2 years if I choose to trade on their platform? That’s the real concern.

Bravo to both 24option and this site owner. Although a brokers past performance is not a guarantee to its future performance but the answer = lets give a try to 24option.

I too want to thank this Site ! I spent about a month looking at everything, finally settled on 24Options . They are by far the best ! Live training on weds. now. Training on Sundays for first timers who have no idea what they are looking at . And the best looking platform, very easy to follow along . You will have a mentor who will send you files to learn from as well as the many learning tools already on site . They have about 7 Americans working in Support also . Yes, you can trade Currency. And so you know I don’t work for them, I lost my $250 , but I can’t wait to do it again . There IS a learning curve. Another trick, Win and get out . You start thinking you know what you’re doing . Spent time watching also. Find out where something has been can tell you where it might go . Markets tend to have a Action, then a RE action, then a correction. Spotting when one is about to happen is key. I’d be happy to take a referral bonus too.

Great site very informative for us novices, most of the bad publicity posted against 24Option is started by “the scam artists” in an attempt to “confuse & catch” a would be “newbie” waiting to sign up with a trading platform, thankfully this site exists to point us in the right direction;Do your homework, paper trade, again & again & again, find YOUR stratergy with a half descent return & don’t gamble;Thanks again for such agreat site guys;Would be nice to have a “tools” section to download things like “option Bot” or charts but I guess these can be googled anyway!

Comerciantes de boa sorte!

I opened up an account and they were very aggressive in having me deposit the $250. Once I did they sent me links to webinars and such and it was all good. They said their customer service is here to help me 24/7. I started doing some trading and then decided to do some 60-second trading and I was doing well. However, there were a total of three instances where the timing was not exactly sixty seconds. One went from 7-4-0, second, went from 4-1-0, third went from 6-3-0. A fourth ended on the even line and the screen froze on that line, so I should have gotten the money back, but when it completed, it showed one-one-thousand of one point below. Unreal! So, I complained and heard no return from them. One week went by and still nothing. I emailed Annie and Lori and both did not reply. They are my account managers? ESTÁ BEM! So, I called and a Steve answered and said Annie was out to lunch and he would leave her a message and I also asked for voicemail and did not get anything. One more week went by and Lori replied back that my emails were going into her ‘Junk’ email and did not see them. I find this difficult to believe. She said she would find out the issue and get back to me in 24 hours. It’s been another week and no responses. 24option is a fantastic looking and functioning platform, but when you lose money they don’t wish to respond. I think they are a scam at this point because I refuse to continue to trade if they don’t look into a serious issue such as this. Não acredite neles! I report back if they handle this, but it doesn’t look like they will.

Update on 24option. The company finally contacted me back on this issue of the options traded for 60 seconds and I’ll cut down to the chase. They offered a bonus as a refund so not to exchange money which was correct to do and they offered their apology and I accepted. Things happens and I was promised it won’t happen again. So, we’ll give it a go again and I am happy to report that so far, I am satisfied now with their support and their system. I did state that almost 3 weeks was too long to allow ANY REQUEST to go untouched because it damages good faith. I think we can now attempt to manage this and move on. They have my support. Great job 24option.

Update on my situation…my withdrawal was processed and i received my funds. However regarding the system freezing and causing me to lose trades by a pip or 2 when it’s clearly in the money hasnt been addressed, all they can come back with is that “but you have also won some trades by a pip or 2”

Today i had the same trouble, i had a $50 trade on the USD/JPY it was definitely in the money by 2 PIPS and they ended it with a tie, which at least they gave me my money back….now i am finding a few seconds BEFORE the expiry, i am AUTOMATICALLY logged out of my account when i place a trade – this however doesnt happen when there are no trades placed. I have emailed my account manager and waiting on a return email but with everything happening i think they are a scam more than ever and am thinking of withdrawing completely from them and let them be as they are the biggest scam you can have. Watch out people….

perfect website for new trader and can use Liberty Reserve, so nice for me.

I gonna try these sites you recommended. Obrigado.

The review above mine is the first I choose to believe. All the rest are broken English filler reviews that make this sound great. Thanks for sharing that information Tekbroker as I am on the fence trying to decide who to start trading with.

great job you guys do. I believe 24options in ranking 1 st.

prakash u still winning ?? no problem with withdrawl??

TO KRISHNA KUMAR.

Great page, I did a withdrawl 2 weeks ago of 400 € and I received in 4 days.

I am new in this, but i am learning.

I have been doing a lot of research because obviously no one wants to be scammed. After going thru all websites to confirm what I read here, I believe its a good time to give 24option a try. I will start this week and will be a pleasure to let you know all details. Its worth to mention that I already opended an account and Mr. Roberto Echeverry contacted me already, so lets see… by the way, thanks to the owner of this site to help us out with all this info.

IB fees are great. IB charts and trdnaig features are clumsy and pretty much suck. On my monitors their candles often overlap and you can’t even adjust candle with, or spacing. Ninja is a great compliment to IB. I lost some good money due to the clumsiness of the IB TWS platform. With Ninja, it never happens.

I deposited $20,000 into a Platinum Account at 24Options. The Platinum Account allows you to make 4% more than a regular account. After I profited close to $300 I withdrew my monies with no difficulties. They wired it back into my account. I’m happy with 24Options on all levels.

The site looks really nice but the inability of the representative on the Live Chat to answer anything I asked, as well as taking a very long time to input their responses gives me reason enough to avoid this broker. If this is how they treat potential clients, I’m scared to be a real client of theirs.

Hmm I like 24option it was very simple and any one can easily understands the trades but when it comes to touch/ no touch option I found something fishy because initially you were seeing one value when you decide to investing on any button the target value is changing by 10points. You may thought price may changed but actually it doesn’t change… They were changing the target value so guys please have a look carefully while trading with touch/ no touch option.

thanks guys for your good information.

Hello to all. I’ve been trading for over a year with 24option. I think thay are improving a lot. I put $200, then $1300 extra to get to be advised by a special trader. After a few wins I withdrew everything ok, leaving $700 profit money on the account. Last august I jumped to reach the 89% pay out putting another 10000. Since then I’m trading at $1000/trade. Got to tak out my deposit before christmas, no problem and since then $18000 with n difficulty. The only issue with 24option is the “price has changed” pop up window which is a real annoyance if you are following a strict strategy. I loose between 4 and 6 WINS per week and it SUCKS. If only they could be on Spotoption platform instead of Techfinancial, it would be a dream! Anywy they are trustful and very helpful when anything goes wrong (a few freezes arrive alright)

Withdrawal was not as easy as they claim. I was refused withdrawal because they claimed they did not have enough proof of my identity. I provided them with passport, driver’s ID, cell phone bill, bank statement, photo copy of debit card with blacked out number except last 4 digits. They claim this was not good enough and wanted more info. Then later claimed that they coudn’t read the info and wanted to re-send the info. This went on and on for weeks, then one day all funds where gone and they claimed I losted it in 60 sec trading which I never used.

Yesterday 18Mar2013 they sent me an e-mail for their promotion of 75% Bonus upon deposit. I clicked the link on my e-mail that they sent and it redirected me to their platform. After I logged-in, a pop up message appears where it says “Your 75% bonus is waiting…click OK to claim”

So I deposited $250 and expecting that the 75% bonus will be added…and guess what? It didn’t.

I immediately initiated a chat with their agent..and said to me that my account manager will call me….so the account manager called me up..and explained that in able to claim the bonus, I have to deposit at least minimum of 500…GGRRRRRR…but that term 500 is NOT mentioned at all in their e-mail promotion.

I’m afraid that the $500 min deposit IS mentioned. I also trade with 24Option and received the same email…several actually….and the $500 min is noted in the small print at the bottom; it’s smaller print than the rest of the email but it IS there.

Some many reviews and i still can’t make up my mind if it’s a scam or not. I have very profitable 60 sec system but can’t find a legit broker that wouldn’t give any slippage or other fishy stuff.

If you have a profitable 60 sec system, I’d love to hear about it! :o)))

Also, could you explain what you mean about slippage? I trade with this broker and like them. Like every broker, when you click “Buy” there is a 2 sec period where you can cancel the trade, then the trade is confirmed. I don’t know any broker that doesn’t have this, if this is what you mean. If not, would love to hear from you.

maybe your 60sec system is not so great after all, if you can’t deal with slippage.

24optin is a scam, FRAUD don´t work with them, if you want to be scamed go for it, it´s your money and let´s see if bynariotionsthatsuck put my comment, if not, is because they are from the same scam, another´s forum´s it´s going to knew about it.

How is this broker a scam? I use them and they seem just fine. If you know for sure how they are being inappropriate or fradulent, I’d really want to know, and so would many other people, so please share.

I hope you’re able to see my comment and avoid any investment losses. If you’ve been a profitable trader in your investment career (especially a legitimate and “quite” experienced trader), chances are sooner or later (likely after you traded with them for several months) 24option will declare your account “fraudulent” and close it without any notice using “management-level decisions”, excuses like “your credit card is fraudulent” (but you just successfully booked your air ticket, hotels or did some online shopping with it) or “The IDs you provided cannot be verified” (yet your ID is a government issued document with a valid date and signature which you just provided to the airline for the successful ticket booking). I guess that’s how 24option became the “largest” BO broker, by placing a false charge on its customer and conficating customers’ invested sum which is real hard-earned legit credit! Also seems 24option has hired a guy here (Andy Mueller) to defend its fame but I doubt how he will be able to reply to more and more victims scammed by 24option here, sooner or later… :-)

I prefer hourly options to 60s but still it’s better to look for a truly regulated broker (which 24option “claims” to be) that’s not Cyprus-based (huge cash withdrawal problems for quite some time now…).

Good lord….I write my comments because I believe them, I ask my questions because I want the answers. I am not “hired” by anyone. There is so much BS out there that it makes me nuts. Over and over and over I read comments from people claiming SCAM that are obviously just them not READING an entire agreement or email. All the info you could ever want is in the Terms of the contract but how many people actually READ it. Few, then they complain about being treated poorly; just maddening.

I trade with 24Option so if someone calls them scammers, I want to know why; is the claim valid? Should I find another broker? Should this broker be reported to a regulatory body? If someone can actually support a SCAM claim with real evidence (not just vague comments), I WANT TO KNOW so I can get my money out of there. But that is very nearly never the case; just meaningless comments and accusations.

I say this in all sincerity, with no malice intended: some people just aren’t bright enough to trade Forex or Binary Options and the sooner they realize this, the sooner they can move on to a venture that DOES suit them.

You are making a whole lot of sense. People should learn to know which business suits them before taking a leap…Also, I will advice traders quit their fantasy lands. 85% Return on Investment is good for an entire year but you see traders wanting to make that in just 60 seconds. The sixty second stuff is a bait designed for greedy option traders just as scalping is designed for greedy forex traders who are always eager to mop up the whole dollars into their account within few weeks. No greedy man can survive in the market.

Boa. I think i can trust you. I’been monitoring 24option so far the are positive comments from the clients. I have skipped many brokers mostly due to the withdrawal issue and it really upset me. I will follow you.

Dear Andy Mueller,

Who knows you’re not “hired” by 24option? Any “real evidence (not just vague comments)” to prove you’re not “hired” or affiliated to 24option (in the same sense you demand people scammed by 24option to provide real evidence (not just vague comments))? How appropriate do you think it is to provide actual credit card number here on this platform to prove one was indeed scammed?

My experience with 24option is they hate experienced traders who have through years developed a deep understanding of the market trend and consequently will win consistently. Maybe they can tolerate a good number of sporadic lucky winnings and will allow the related withdrawals but once they sense you’re an old hand (consistently having no more than 2 losses out of 10 trades) then your account will be closed using whatever reason possible (In my case they accused me of using “fraudulent credit card” with which I was able to do some Amazon shopping just before they closed my account! The closure was sudden and the decision was from “management-level”…). I quite sympathize with the experience from what freeman says (February 26, 2013 at 3:31 pm) on page 9.

However, if you’re newbie who are still in the “excitement” stage, dreaming of the rosy financial success in front of you and eager to get rich fast and nevertheless can withstand to lose several hundred bucks, they would be more than glad to assign you a “warm-hearted” account manager to “help you get started”. (My account manager is called Mark Taylor, who to this date still fails to respond to my inquiry as to what evidence they had to label my credit card “fraudulent”).

If someone questions any claim I make, I am more than happy to provide whatever facts and evidence they would like to substantiate those claims. The truth is, I very rarely CLAIM anything; I ASK questions. If you choose to take offence to being asked to back up your claims, then you shouldn’t post them. I take no such offence; as I said, I am HAPPY to substantiate anything I say. Então & # 8230;

1. Am I hired or affiliated with 24Option? No. How do I prove that I’m NOT something? That’s kind of hard, it’s easier to prove that I AM something, but let me try anyway. I was trading iOption until poor customer service and record keeping made me leave them; that adventure is chronicled on this site, have a look at iOption comments. Would a 24Option affiliate go through that? No, makes no sense at all. Also, I’ve posted comments and questions on various topics here, over the months, on this site, that the adminstrators can verify. Those comments and questions clearly show that I am affiliated with no one. Have a look about, and you’ll see my name pop up all over the place, NEVER ONCE mentioning 24Option.

2. If 24Option routinely scam experienced people like you claim, how are they still in business? How do they get one of the highest “Trusted Brokers” ratings on this and many other sites? Why are there next to NO valid complaints on the net about this broker? Why are there no other “experienced” traders saying the same thing? The answers are obvious.

3.My background is in Forex and I am an experienced, successful trader. But that doesn’t mean I am not open to new things, new methods, new trading methodolgies, etc. And that includes Binary Options. I am fairly new to BOs but NOT to dealing with brokers. I have had no issues with this broker and that is also reflected in the overwhelming number of positive comments right here in this thread, from people all around the world.

What I do see, Oscar, in the few negative comments there are (including freeman’s), is consistent: the writer obviously has not thoroughly read the Terms and Conditions and/or their complaint doesn’t tell the whole story and they choose to leave out some crucial detail.

I’ve asked you to substantiate your serious claims, but you can’t, so I will file your comments as “Not Useful”. You’ve continued to not tell the whole story and frankly, I no longer care. I will carry on doing business with this broker, happily, and will stop posting arguements here as it seems to serve no purpose.

My 24option account was closed suddenly on Mar 19, 2013 without prior notice, by a completely false charge of “using fraudulent credit card”. Interestingly, I was planning of withdrawing for the first time either on 19th or 20th…

I talked to the live agent of Anyoption and think they’re pretty good. I haven’t contacted Stockpair but possibly Stockpair is also good since there is almost zero negative feedback on them on this forum…

I have an account with 24option. They said me that, different by many other brokers, they make real orders in the real market with my money when I buy an option so, when I win they take an earning of 15-30%, when I loose, they don’ loose anything. This mean that the have not interest in making me loose.

Do you think this is real?

I discovered binary just a week ago. I m in the exciting but hard task of starting and choosing a broker. I’d have gone with traderush but now am considering 24option. Thanks BOTS. also, wanted to check authenticity.

I will love to be apart of your compoany but ya’ll don’t really give me much to work with, And what i mean by thuat it show no number or address to the company. so if you would please sent me information where ya’ll location.

I also belived for quite a while that 24option is a great broker. Till I made money. At the moment all my trades get inflated by 3 pips into the trading direction. This isn’t illegal. But proofs that the complete binary option business is a scam. I am back to forex.

Who else experience price inflation against you by 24options ? I for one did and many other traders who had won money .

Best broker for 60 sec trade,

only one with 15+ trading options after 8 pm GMT(other only 4) and only with 70% return on every option.

Am really happy about this your work of consolidating traders who are lost in utter fear of investing in fraudulent brokers.

i tried many platforms (BDB, traderush etc) and 24options was much better than the other ones.

a little bit annoying that they ask to send documents right after the deposit but i understand that it is for my financial protection.

even though i have experience they paired me up with a market analyst that actually showed me like 8 strategies and showed me how to make money out of it.

withdrawal takes more or less like a week and they never caused meany trouble with the withdrawal.

i have been withdrawing from them between 1000-2000$ each month for the last 4 months.

I like to know how you make money with 24 option.

I have account there and i can’t seem to win at all what is your secret to wining? I really like to hear back from you….

i have done alittle bit of trading with 24options and my expience has always been good (90% of the time).

i must amit i lost what i made and my deposit but after doinf some research i should start seeing %of winnings, hopfuly.

anyway i like them and they are very helpful, i wish i had done my research before losing but its not much anyway.

I made money. And all my trades get inflated by 3 pips,5 pips and next day 10 pips!! into the trading direction. I called them and they fixed it. But after one week all my trades get inflated by 5 pips again!

I am platinum member.

Who else experience this?

great to know that u r making all that money $$$ with 24option do u have a SPECIFIC strategy ??

how do u make it happen ?? if possible please share with me and help me please.

I can only say I am impressed with 24Options.

Although I am a small trader I still get weekly call from account manager and the regular e-training webinars are fantastic.

Signed up for a free account ages ago, was meant to deposit $50 to get that candlegraph trend thingy as promised, and was going to deposit the $200 in to start. Glad about the free demo account by the way.:)But time and life’s hassles made me forget to deposit and am getting calls from 1 broker? from a country code +35 everyday even though I told him it was the wrong time when he first called. And we agreed to do the deal – I’d deposit the money a month later and start…

But he seems to ring EVERY night, so I don’t answer it or miss his call…Is he pushing too hard;as he’s desperate for a commission some how?

Makes me feel it’s a scam and is putting me off of 24options…As a newbie/beginner to it.

What do you all think!?

Dear Hama, I see you’re coming from the US. How is it possible for you to deposit into 24option if they don’t accept US clients for such long time now? The fish stinks from the head.

Plot twist: the broker called him many times but he didn’t pick up the phone. ..All they want to ask is which country he is living in. ..

24option i think has the best flatform u just scroll and all is their in short trade the best so far..and u need suggestion i can help 2.

I’m looking at investing in Options and came across this site. I’m a bit confused about receiving Bonus before withdrawal. In the example in that section, does that mean that if you invested $1000 and received a bonus of say $250, you need to wager the whole investment+bonus to 20 times (=$25000) or just the bonus amount to 20 times (=$5000) in order to withdraw.

Obrigado por sua resposta.

24 option platform is suck. You hardly get the price you see after you press the button. The platform also cheat to give you a losing price when the market is moving fast. Not good for short term and high volatiled time.

Thanks for your review about 24option. I’m from Democratic Republic of Congo and I have made my first deposit of 250 USD with them and I have an account Manager who is taking care of me step by step. I feel being in the right place and in the right time to start my financial trading binary option venture with 24option just from my residence country.

Very reliable in terms of payments . I have withdrawn numerous times and each time my money has been sent very quickly. Your money is 1000%secure!

This is my true story after been with 24option for the past 1.5years. In binary options, most of them lost money and very few will succeed. 24option is a good broker when you are losing, however they are even good too if you make money somewhere close to triple your over all investment. You will get your money back for sure. But the problem with them is when you keep on winning, they start playing games..I am getting spread of 2-3 pips on all my trades. Remember I am saying complaint not because Iam losing…I am happy that I trippled my deposit and received the funds correctly to my bank account. However dont dream of making it big. because they stop you by raising the spreads.

Remember I am just a standard account type holder..I have great strategy where I can win 90% of the trades. Now my account manager is saying that I need to upgrade to gold account type by depositing 5000USD and then I will not have spread issue. IS THIS HOW YOU TELL TO A CLIENT. BUT IAM SURE THAT EVEN WHEN YOU BECOME GOLD OR PLATINUM Account holder, you will get this spread issue. If once they noticed you that you will make it big even with small amount because of the strategies, they will catch you.

beware of this. All the good reviews about 24option is genuine but I am warning only in case you try to make it big. they will cheat you.

Syed..would you be willing to share your strategy. thanks.

Syed thanks a lot my regards to you I wanted to start trading i had chosen bdb to trade and by chance saw this page and read the revues of of traders was shocked to read the truth and then when i 24options and read your revue was a bit satisfied because syed will not give false information brother seriously i want to trade because all the bussiness in Kuwait have come to halt people dont pay thay take months to pay back brother is this broker safe to trade i want to start with basic amount and learn to trade kindly let me know .

Spoke to one of there live chat employees this evening 1 month ago they admitted fault based on account freezing and price difference and refunded my $8500 however once finished speaking to compliance who sorted this out for me traded the $8500 got to $11,300 in 2 days and when I went to withdraw my funds was bombarded with calls stating I should leave the funds in as it would damage the managers stats they are very pesausive I did not want to do this was forced and with my mental state believed him (manager) when he said it will be OK well it was not spreads on my platform like wildfire platform freezing and lost the lot then came calls to deposit again and the rest is history they are now aware that I will be coming to there office on the 15/09/2014 as I want all my funds back over the last month some $25,000+ with all the goings on I have encountered with them I have booked a one way ticket and have informed them I will not be leaving the country until all my funds are returned to me or I am thrown in jail or the media gets a hold of me for my story.

there is a saying where i come from in (white city) England……DON’T BOTHER TROUBLE AND TROUBLE WILL NOT TROUBLE YOU!!

If I believe am right….. I will not quit.

I would like to inform all the the above named company’s that I wish to withdraw my claim and complaint filed against 24option/Rodeler.

As off the 11/09/2014.

The company has communicated with me and provided its feedback to the claims and allegations i have made. The company and myself mutually accepted the fact it is in the best interest of both party’s to avoid any conflict or dispute in relation to my claims and statements.

I and the company 24option/Rodeler wish to settle this issue between ourselves.

I can CONFIRM as of 11/09/2014 my complaint against 24option/Rodeler limited has been (RECTIFIED)I therefore withdraw all allegations I have placed here in regards to the company. Am sorry EVERYONE but cant say anything more than this.

I would like to inform all the the above named company’s that I wish to withdraw my claim and complaint filed against 24option/Rodeler.

As off the 11/09/2014.

The company has communicated with me and provided its feedback to the claims and allegations i have made. The company and myself mutually accepted the fact it is in the best interest of both party’s to avoid any conflict or dispute in relation to my claims and statements.

I and the company 24option/Rodeler wish to settle this issue between ourselves.

So many individuals out there wanting to be a professional trader.

Wanting the life style? The freedom? Looking for the right broker?

winning trades? losing trades?

Dont give up on your dreams Men/Lady’s.

Dont look to jump over 7ft bars, Look around for 1ft bars that you can step over.

Need to stick to trade plan!

NEVER, Never, give up – (PAIN IS TEMPORARY-IT MAY LAST A MINUTE-1 HOUR-1 DAY-EVEN 1 YEAR BUT EVENTUALLY IT WILL SUBSIDE - AND SOMETHING ELSE WILL TAKE ITS PLACE - IF YOU QUIT HOWEVER, IT WILL LAST FOREVER!!

It is Important to remember that trading success is defined over a large series of trades, not over one or two.

this means you should not give too much significance to any one trade,

and the way to do this is by never risking more than you are comfortable with losing per trade.

What I mean, is never risk an amount that will stress you out to the extent were you are constantly monitoring your trades.

Remember to take small losses and and you will have losing trades, its part of doing business in Forex and Binary.

WHERE IS THE MARKETS HEADING? If one buys a stock and it goes up congratulations. you were very luck to join them! And when you buy a stock and it immediately goes down - your wrong! We cant beat them whoever the infamous they are, The market has no sympathy the market has no mercy, the market does not know who you are. And when your just lucky to be there on the right side DON’T THINK YOU’RE SMART YOU’RE NOT. Your LUCKY!! And been lucky and joining them can be a very rewarding career. when you can just admit the fact that you was lucky enough to join them on the up lucky enough to join them on the downs and when you are shot and the markets are going up! Or when you are long and the markets going down! & # 8211; YOUR WRONG!! & # 8211; IT HAPPENS !! Your human, Accept it move on, and tomorrows another day.

I traded with 24options for quite a couple of months. I would say that their platform and prices are good. Their customer service is also good.

Everything went well until they realised that I was making quite a lot of profit and had about tripled my account. Then the problems started. They started adding a HUGE spread to every trade I made, such that it became almost impossible to make profit on each trade.

I sent screenshots and videos of the issue to their Support and my account manager. However, as expected, they claimed that everything was fine, and that price was simply moving quickly.

After going back and forth without any success (in addition to losing a few trades), I decided to leave.

So my advice is, you can trade with them. However, if you start to make a lot of profit, start to find alternative brokers.

Hello, I would like to ask, they will begin to profit too much for the industry to disrupt your investment amount invested? That’s when you earn much money, when they would be so?

i was having the same problem with 24 option that when time reched zero i was in the money then the calcute expire it was out of money becuse it was 7 10 second after zero to expire i was very angry i contact live chat he told me to contact the support and give them the trade number i do that and no response until now nothing also 8 out of 10 times they spread my trades i was put the trade at for exampel 1,24567 for put and after i take the treade magicly gose to 1.24575 WTF !! a lot of times this happend but at first no i took a deposit of 250E and i make them 403 in one day after they see that i was winning they start put spreads and i lost all my money also they seem to say to you theese stories that they tol you that they make money when you make money thats not true actualy i know this from my uncel that he is investor on stock and he makes 100kE to 82kE per month with very long expiriance he dont trust forex or comidities only stocks beacuse stocks have news always for exampel sony tommorow will lunch ps4 thats a sure trade at 99.999% of win that sonys stock will go up tomorow beacuse its years on the system that they create anyway my accaount manager he told me every time i will call you tomorow and nothing he never call me only sometimes and he say that we have a sure trade only if you invest 500 E to that trade i didnt hear him anyway everything i lost i dont care they loose i was doing the casino stradegy called martingale and i was profitable before the spreads in 10 and 5 mins when they oversold or overbought and if the green pass the rsi line thats a 80% win that it go down i will search for a good broker if you know someone 100% legit please tell me my uncel say to me start with penny stocks i will help you but i dont want i read that a lot of peapol had turn 5000 to 2 millions in two years and 24 option do this when they see that you win scammers and i dont recomend them.

Hi aggelos, thanks for sharing your experience with 24Options, I was thinking about depositing but now I’m scared about it…for now I prefer to trade BTC and alt coins which is alike to penny stocks. Have you had any experience with another brokers? I was thinking about Stockpair but are they really legit? or do they manipulate the price action aswell? it seems there are no brokers who are really modest?

Hi goncalo … at this im not sure about binary options i think they are all scams first of all they only win when you lose and thats why they dont take a comission legit brokers always take a comission of 4 to 5 euro or dollar to close the trade thay have to keep the one per cent happy so 98% losing for the 1% to be good . im very young to say only 22 but a lot of expirianced peopol i know they say penny stock after a lot of reading i will try bitcoin to see also a penny its on my mind about a greek bank called eurobank they 0.25 cent euro their stock if hear some good new for greece i will go for that the strategy its not wait long when it goes at least 1.25 grab the money and go just make the and only in good conditions that for exampel if they say that the imf will go out of greece then its sure.

I am with 24 Options for 2 years. All is good until I start withdraw my profit. They always give me the withdraw amount, but after I make profit for a while, I have found my account has been putted spread on price when I trade. I found that I can’t never get the price that the platform shows, they always added an extra 7 to 27 pips above or below.

It means there is no way that you can win with your trading. So at the end, I have to close the account. Their manager email me and ring me to deposit and trade, but when I mention the spread on my account, they go quiet about it. There is no explanation.

So if you start withdrawing profit, that is when the fund no longer going back to your credit card, instead of going to your nominated bank account, that is the time you need to watch the price you get on your account. If there is spread on your account, it means you will loose no matter how you trade.

You can found a similar complaint on youtude. Someone actually record the whole trading process when it has been put on spread. I have seen it.

Christine, you are right! Eu tenho a mesma experiência. I made many videos of their machinations. You can not make profit with them. Beware of this broker! For example: youtu. be/XJAxFDCmXF0.

It is a great broker and I am happy to tried and be a happy customer, me and I a friend of mine are very happy with this broker.

I was ahead over 7000.00 in 2 weeks trading, then they started manipulating the entry prices. I have video proof and sent proof of the manipulation to my credit card company who investigated the trades and found in my favour and refunded my deposit of 10,000 USD.

24option is a greedy brokerage firm that make it next to impossible to verify your identity and withdraw your deposit. They have no principals, and or ethics. Do not deposit money with them until you are fully verified, or you may regret it.

Thank you for this honest review. I have been trading on a 24option demo account and, in the long term, would like to switch to a life account. However, considering the kinds of reviews I am reading here, I no longer think this is a good idea.

Have you been able to find a different broker that has not been manipulating your spreads?

Also, since I am quite new to BO-trading and eager to learn, would you be willing to discuss your strategy with me, i. e. give me a few pointers as to how you go about deciding on whether to make a trade or not? (peterpan20151515@yahoo) That would be brilliant!

Wishing you a great week,

Hello Peter, i been trading binary options about 2 years, i’been trying some brokers unfortunately i loss some money con scams. I can tell you this site is secure, but on my experience stockpair is better, (faster withdrawals, support) and the best of all no delays or false entry prices etc, but since november 2014 they modify their policy wich it only accepts “in the money” or ” out of the money” there’s no ties :( and they lower your profit % but even with this i could tell you that I consistenstely take profits and no problems by now. Hope my review helps thank you.

Every word about the pip spread is true.

when you click on a trade you see the current price like 1.7829 then when you open a high trade it goes lower it shows that you bought it at 1.7819 or somewhere in that region. Its happens with me everyday that i trade nearly all the time.

Just to make it clear it goes against your bid if you go low it buys at a lower price making it harder to get lower than that price. and if you go high it does the opposite.

im a newbie to all this binery options and live in Mexico . Of all the peeps commenting, how many of you started with 250.u. s. And can honestly say they have made some money? I know it’s not s get rich quick deal, but in reality , I need to know . 250 is not much from the states , but in Mexico I can pay my rent and feed my family for 2 weeks. But with a sick wife I need an extra income resource , please lete know! Obrigado!

Can anyone please teach me your trading strategies, I registered with 24options about a year ago by depositing $250, now am all flushed, I thought it was because I didn’t practice using the demo, but even now am close to flushing it, I don’t have any complains about 24options cause am just a very bad trader, am 20 and I would like to learn trading so that by the time am 25 I would at least make some extra cash and help my mom from it. I would really really appreciate some help, thanks!

Is this Broker have a program in automatic trading system which are used nowadays in making customers investing?

2) I want to make an investment not a kind of gambling or game to win, Is this a provider?

Thank for the informative review, however if you had to choose between Optionfair and Option24 which broker will you give a higher rating, based on all the information you have gathered?.

too many good messages, i cant wait to be the nest success story. see at the top guys.

I just want to say THANK YOU BINARYOPTIONSTHATSUCK, you guys truly are amazing at making us readers and future traders feel at ease! I have signed up with 24options ! and love it fully!!

Thanks alot again guys and GOd Bless.

You mention that these companies are registered by the UK FCA but is it more true to say that under EU law since Cyprus has registered them, the FCA has no choice but to register them. Also the activities that they are registered with the FCA for are NOT the activities the FCA can regulate ie Gambling. The activity that the UK consider binary options are instead of the trading of financial instruments.

Hey, does anyone know if 24option is an on-exchange broker? Meaning I’m not trading against them when I place a trade on their website?

I wonder who reviewed 240ption!

1. There is no Bonus for a deposit of 250€

2. There is no Demo-Account ( maybe for VIP`s only)

3. In first place no acceptance under a 1000€ deposit.

Just if you hesitate and tell them, that you think, that it is a lot of money for getting acquainted with a new broker for maybe a few days.

they let you start with the 250€ deposit.

4. They work with fixed expiry times.

5. Indices don`t cover the whole day. (There are intervals of some hours) There are no short expires for indices.

6. Signals by a computer a pretty unreliable. Result for 4 days: 60% loss – 40% win.

7. Newsletter divided in small and VIP-clients. Suggested trades are described a bit confusing for Newbies and even hard to follow for more experienced traders.

8. Account manager declares, she is working for 600 clients – 20 days a week – lets say 8 hrs a day – and of course most of her time for VIP`s – that leaves about a minute a month working for your interests…

24option is a great broker the best i would say….before open an account read carefully all terms and conditions and especially the bonus terms and conditions…they are 100% legit and honest…i am absolutely satisfied with them…

OK..I did read every word in that page. And Thanks to use a easy language so I can finally understand even if I am green to this…I am definitely at ease.

Will definitely be in…at lease try to get my self a trip to Cancun .

where are 2015 comments….is 24Options still the best to trade with, I want to start, I am new to trading pliz recommend the best broker for me? Who is the best broker & withdraw fast proof help me tx.

I have traded with 24option broker and twice requested my deposit back..quickly they refunded my money..honest broker.

Well let me first say I am not particularly clued up on trading. Yes the dream of striking it rich grabbed me, sure I am not alone. Well the proverbial cat may be out the bag on 24Option as a non legitimate broker. I have not opened an account with them, however if I were 24Option and I wanted to convince people of my authenticity, I surely would not piss of someone who posts information about BO scams. Then again as a competitor of 24Option I would love to create a false email address and post comments saying 24Option is a scam…. Damn Conspiracies. Find yourself someone who has done some trading and knows the ropes. Let them help you!

i’ve written a review about 24option an the following lines are my verdict:

After much scrutiny of 24options, it is safe to say that 24options is a reliable, trustworthy and safe binary broker. The range of features provided by 24options is unmatched and their customer support professionals are more than happy to always assist you with any hardship that you face. The bottom line is that all the traders must give 24option a try for a soothing and convenient trading experience.

24 Option are a very reliable and trustworthy binary option, have tried them and they stand head and shoulders above the rest.

I grew up in the car industry and have been in my car sales for more than 3 decades. I have no idea about forex trading but I have been searching for information and trading for about a year now. After several phone calls from my account manager (calls herself Irum), I deposited several thousands of Euros. As I have been almost promised that if I invest more I can get more education. To make the story short I deposited 15,000 Euro through out the year. I asked many questions about new strategies she tried to imply but she never gave me full answers for my questions. Any way, in my expierence this account manager was only leading me for great loses. Now I lost totally faith in her and really don`t know if I should give my self another try. Does somebody know from where can I get real education?? As I said before I need a beginers guide.

Raymond, I had been a FX trader in a major bank. Your account manager most probably doesn’t have the experience to educate you in FX trading. It takes years to understand and to trade profitably. When you trade FX you are actually making a call on the economic performance of one country versus another country.

You need to know the fundamentals, as well as the technical (charting)not only for FX but for anything that you trade. You must also know what are the fundamentals that others are looking at and has it been discounted. For example with EUR/USD recently the market was fundamentally looking at the stimulus package that European Bank President Mario Draghi was going to announce.

When you have the fundamental reason for putting on a trade, you have to look at the chart for a entry level.

The best way not to lose money is not to make bad trades, the ones that you do not have a strong conviction about it’s direction.

Do 24option have an autopilot playform for complete novices and is ita good platform to use?

Hey friend…24option is one of the best brokers out there…but do never accept and use an autopilot system EVEN from a legit broker…my advice from my experience.

24option looks good, functions well … but …. they have a 5 second computer gap in the trading and the charts. The question is this–what do they do with that 5 second window—which in computer terms is a very very long time.

Simply put they put it to good use, the same as the Big Bankers do that control the data streams for financial instruments. When the computer spots a nice dollar value trade– sitting some-where it can swoop down and pick it up by manipulating the charts. I sat and watched this–in 2014, last quarter—- they do this mostly during high trending markets. It is quite common for Brokers to do this, some call it spiking, swooping would be a better description. On the Forex side of things the company 4X-DAT has quite a write-up on their customers experiences, and how 4X-DAT had to supply a solution because the Brokers were trading against their 4X-DAT trading robots. A lot of their trading is done without any stop losses at all at present— which opens them up to all sorts of opportunities to market manipulators. Which is what this post is about, as it happens in any Trading with a data stream.

I would like to review what I have just gone through with one of your account manager by the name of Eric Smith. I was patiently listening to all stuff he had to say. When we were coming to the end of our conversation, I brought up a problem about a withdrawal problem using Skrill. He asked me if I wanted to close my account as well as I’m looking to withdraw my Money. He said he would not want to work with me if I am looking to withdraw my Money as he will not be making a profit. What good is making Money if withdrawal is an issue. He was very rude. The problem with the Skrill verification has been dragging for weeks and it has not been resolved till now! He just hung up the phone after saying another account manager will contact me! How good is your number 1 rating with such bad service. I will be leaving my review everywhere so that people can judge for themselves. An account managers priority is to ensure that there are no problems with the clients account. Not to be focused on profit and brainwash your clients to put in more money. I have a brain of my own to decide when would be the best time to do that. Totally unsatisfied with the 24option system. Now I will most probably withdraw my money and never come back like I was planning to!

Finally some good reviews on a binary options broker…

I have bad experience also while withdraw with 24 option, they always make many reason, and all decision depend on account manager, if the account manager not satify with my trade, it will not processing, also be carefull with your remain balance, my balance suddently got $0 (zero), while i’m not active for several month, when i ask them, they said that they already try contact me, but not anwer, and then they deduct for their maintenance fee. Be care carefull with 24 option, I have very bad experience.

Hi Ferdy, sorry to hear about your situation. When I read the review about “24option”. I think it is good enough. However, they are also doggy broker. Thanks to let everyone know about that. I hope you can get your money back.

I like 24 Option because of the high trade size limits and the interface and decided to deposit £3,000. I was slightly put off with the low returns in comparision to other brokers though. The sales team/managers once you deposit only want you to trade with them so they earn commission on the volume of your trades and are very pushy trying to force you into depositing more money and taking their advice. I received slow execution times up to 3-4 seconds which I think is unacceptable in my opinion. I then asked to get a demo account to practice… and they told me I need to deposit more to get a demo even though I already deposited £3,000 and lost £3,000… Every broker has advantages and disadvantages but these are just too much unfortunately! 5/10.

Update on 24 option. they rang me and gave me the demo account I requested. I will test it out, hopefully customer service have taken note of my problems. I will update this review later. Let’s keep a open mind lol.

To all those wishing to use 24Option. Be prepared to be met with the worst service of your life. Your Account Manager never contacts you as per request. They take week to resolve the simple task of CALLING you!! They are very eager to open an account for you, and for you to fund it! After that, thr service is absolute shit!! I have never seen such bad service from a so called Industry Leader!!

24 option have held my cash for a while now , l made the withdrawal a month ago. Although people seem to say they are okay . Not true they hold your cash on withdrawal, and make it as difficult as possible to withdraw .

24option just closed all French accounts last week, or accounts made with French ip adress, without any notice to the affected clients. All trades are frozen, money lost? Que pena. Bonus contracts that were agreed on can’t be finished so that money is lost as well. (all bonus amounts i got were from ‘risk free’ trades, which would never have been made knowing bonus can’t be paid back)

No explanation from 24option besides from an account manager stating that they don’t accept French customers anymore.

I am from South Africa and want to trade on your platfrom but through a robot as i work full time and do not have lots of time to spare.

Please can you tell me which robot your’ll are compatible with that is fully automated.

I love the reviews about 24option when i tried the binary options robot it did list 24options broker.

Is it possible to trade on Auto pilot, or do you suggest not to and if so as I am a bit ancient and not always at my desk every moment, is trading with you as easy as it is at Bank de Binary.

I do want one other broker as 24 Options if receiving trades to use fairly easy.

Also I am pleased with your reviews showing your integrity.

Hi im from japan and i would like to join at 24option but they dont accept traders from my country! been searching for trusted broker and i think this one worth of trying. any suggestion please.

24option is indeed one of the best binary options broker out there. Thanks admin for this great review. Btw there is also a guy called Roy that really writes honest reviews on various brokers. He also helps newbies start trading on binary options.

I am Paolo, I keep on searching for the right binary auto trade thanks I found your site. I would like to start my trade to 24option Auto trade.

Thanks look forward to trade with you and God bless!!

I am new this investment.

If I open Account Can I get receive An advice about the start.

Advice any assest?

Learn slowly, and No loose money?

That is very good and fantastic job keep it up, very soon I will start my own business with you thanks.

I have just started so far so good, still learning.

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